Assessment of the Role of Meteorogical Conditions in the Formation of Aerotechnogenic Pollution of Urban Environment

Abstract

The purpose of the article was to establish relationships between different atmospheric turbulence parameters describing the vertical mixing of air and pollutant concentrations. Materials and methods of the study are based on the analysis of data of stationary observation posts on the concentration of pollutants, as well as data of temperature and wind sounding of the atmosphere of Voronezh. Atmospheric stability indices were calculated and their criterion values of atmospheric stability were established. Correlation analysis was used to determine the closeness of relationships between the parameters of atmospheric stability and pollutants. The results of the study were the establishment of spatial and temporal patterns of pollutant distribution, as well as the identification of the dependence of their concentration on the stability of the atmosphere. The highest air pollution is observed on the left bank of the Voronezh reservoir, especially in summer, with dense automobile traffic and developed industry. The probability of exceeding of MPC m.s. in summer time for dust amounted to 47,0%, for nitrogen dioxide 83,4%. In summer, an increase in the probability of exceedance of MPC m.s. concentrations of formaldehyde (CH2O) up to 54,9% is also observed. In winter, no exceedance of MPC m.s. of formaldehyde is observed, which indicates the dependence of CH2O concentration on temperature and indicates an annual course. Conclusions. The feasibility of using atmospheric stability indices for forecasting pollutant concentrations has been proved. The correlation between pollutant concentrations and atmospheric stability indices in summer reaches an appreciable level (r = 0,45 – 0,55), and for dust and formaldehyde with CAPE index it is high and reaches values 0,79 and 0,80, respectively.