Natural Resource Features of the Malka River Basin

Abstract

The purpose is to study the natural resource potential of the Malka River basin, to describe the features of the local genesis, landscapes and main structural complexes of the Malka River. Materials and methods. The object of the study is the Malka River basin, located in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Statistical, analytical, cartographic and comparative geographical methods were used in the study. Statistical, analytical, cartographic and comparative-geographic methods were used in the study. Results and discussion. The main elements of the environment present on the Malka River basin’s region are described in this section based on our own field observations, map analysis, and statistical data about the subject of study. The Mal- ka River basin’s morphometric, physic-geographical, and geological characteristics are described. It is demonstrated how the Malka Valley’s shape varies depending on where the river flows. It is known that erosion-accumulative activity is the primary cause of river landscape formation. The 27 permanent watercourses that form the Malka River’s network are uneven. When the factors influencing the density of the river network were identified, it was discovered that the mountainous region had the highest value of this indicator – 0,5-0,6 km/km2 and the river’s estuary had the lowest value – 0,1 km/km2. The main morphological components of the Malka basin’s riverbed are described. It has been investigated how the region’s geological structure affects the types of terrain. The Malka River Valley is currently distinguished by a mountainous wa- ter-erosion relief. The primary natural factors – ground waters, geological deposits, ores, and rocks – that affect how salt is formed in river waters are revealed. Conclusion. The Malka River basin's natural resource characteristics have been researched. Paying close attention to the study of the natural component is essential in order to evaluate the state of the ecosystem of the Malka River basin and to develop a balanced science-based approach to the rational use of natural resources.