Spatial Features of Modern Demographic Processes in the Steppe Regions of Russia

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive spatial analysis of the demographic situation and to identify territories with different population dynamics. Materials and methods. The methodology of the study was based on statistical analysis and cartographic interpretation of the results. The authors used methods of assessing spatial relations based on the study of demographic processes at the regional and municipal levels, as well as on the basis of types of settlements – the dynamics of urban and rural population. Results and discussion. A multilateral assessment of the population of the steppe zone regions by the main demographic indicators in dynamics since 1990 has been carried out. As a result of the study of the spatial distribution of population in the regions, the grouping of territories depending on the state of the demographic system in six directions – from critical to favourable – was carried out. Conclusions. On the basis of the scale of the conducted research, the connectedness of the established demographic characteristics depending on the level of the territories under consideration is revealed. At the level of the analysed steppe zone of Russia, depopulation and a decrease in the overall demographic potential can be traced. At the level of individual regions, the territories with relatively favourable conditions and signs of demographic stability are already distinguished. At the level of municipalities, the demographic situation is characterised by high contrast.