Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Changes in the Bottom Relief of the Kama Reservoir

Abstract

The purpose is to determine the general dynamics and local features of relief formation processes in the central part of the Kama Reservoir. Materials and methods. The initial data were topographic maps constructed before the creation of the reservoir, and the results of echo sounding surveys of the bottom relief, carried out in 1995, 2009 and 2012. A method is proposed to ensure comparability of survey materials for diff erent years to analyze the changes that have occurred. The study of spatio-temporal variability in the shape of the bottom of the central part of the Kama Reservoir based on the correct digital models of the bottom relief and transverse profi les in ArcGIS were carried out. Results and discussion. General trend towards a reduction in the volume of the central part of the reservoir was revealed over the period 1956-2012. The transverse profi les revealed local deformations of the bottom relief, expressed in the alternation of accumulation and erosion processes both on the left and right fl oodplains, and in the old Kama River bed. Conclusions. The increase in bottom elevations for the period 1956-2012 ranged from 2.0 to 4.0 m, and the volume of the study area decreased by 19,56 %. The largest volumes of sediment accumulation were recorded in the area of the old Kama River bed.