Variability of the Water Regime in the Don Basin Rivers

Abstract

The article deals with changes in the water regime of rivers belonging to the don basin within the territory of the Tambov region. Water regime parameters are considered during three periods: 1956-1976, 1977-1997, and 1998-2018. The work was carried out in cooperation with the Tambov center for Hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring. The purpose is to analyze changes in the water regime of the rivers of the Don basin in the Tambov region for the period from 1956 to 2018. Methods: analytical approach to information processing. Digitization of data required for research from hydrological observation logs. Results: It is shown that the share of spring flooding in the total annual flow gradually decreases from the 50s of the XX century to the modern period, the number of cases of high levels of spring flooding decreases in the modern period, and the duration of high water on the studied rivers increases slightly. It is believed that the food of the rivers of the don basin is mainly snow. Due to intensive snow melting and the formation of the maximum runoff during the spring flood. Sometimes the nature of the supply of rivers in the Tambov region is superimposed by prolonged rainfall, forming a summer-autumn flood. Conclusions: According to the results obtained in the course of this study, we can say that in some cases the question of the type of nutrition of the studied rivers becomes debatable. It is also found that the dates of maximum flood levels gradually shift to a later time. Based on the results of the study, maps and diagrams were compiled that reflect the share of runoff during the flood period, in relation to the annual flow on the rivers of the Tambov region belonging to the don basin.