Особенности обеспечения экологической безопасности подземной разработки Яковлевского месторождения богатых железных руд
Ключевые слова:
богатые железные руды, горное давление, экологическая безопасность, объемные деформации, гидрогеомеханический мониторинг, наблюдательный репер, датчик давления
Аннотация
Введение: Рассмотрены весьма сложные горно-геологические условия Яковлевского месторождения богатых железных руд, требующие организации надежного мониторинга гидрогеологических и геомеханических процессов, сопровождающих горные работы. Установлены наиболее значимые факторы формирования экологической безопасности разработки месторождения ‒ весьма сложные гидрогеологические условия и физико-механические свойства руды при значительной толще перекрывающих осадочных пород. Методика: Проведен анализ существующего метода мониторинга, который позволяет фиксировать лишь величину фактического смещения горных пород, но не динамику самого процесса оседания предохранительного целика, не позволяет осуществлять непрерывный контроль состояния массива в режиме реального времени. Результаты и обсуждение: Разработана оригинальная система экологической безопасности разработки месторождения, построенная на основании принципов мониторинга гидротехнических сооружений («гидростатический нивелир»). Показана техническая возможность и целесообразность размещения подобных систем мониторинга не только в заполненном закладочным материалом выработанном пространстве, но также и в прочих труднодоступных его местах. Масштабирование подобной системы позволит обеспечить экологическую безопасность в пределах всего подземного рудника.
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Литература
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15. Abin Thomas C.A., Jayalakshmi S., Jerin K. Antony, Kavya S. Kumar, Sreepriya K.V., Development of Self Compacting Concrete Mix and Analysis of Compressive Strength by Replacement of Fines with Iron Ore Fines., Int. J. Civ. Eng. Technol. 8(4), 2017, pp. 1928–1937.
16. Eremenko V. A., Neguritsa D. L. Efficient and active monitoring of stresses and strains in rock masses. Eurasina mining, 2016, no. 1, pp. 21‒24.
17. Ian Gray, Xiaoli Xhao, Lucy Liu Anisotropic and nonlinear properties of rock including fluid under pressure. Geomechanics and Geodynamics of Rock Masses Proceedings of the 2018 European Rock Mechanics Symposium, 2018, pp 41‒46.
18. Trushko, V. L., Protosenya A. G. Geomechanical Models and Prognosis of Stress-strain Behavior of Rock Ore in Development of Unique Deposits of Rich Iron Ores Under Water-bearing Formations. Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia, 2015, vol. 12, pp. 2879‒2888.
2. Sergeev S.V., Ljabah A.I., Kvachev V.N., Sevrjukov V.V. Geologo-gidrogeologicheskaja harakteristika Jakovlevskogo mestorozhdenija [Geological and hydrogeological characteris tics of the Yakovlev deposit]. Nauchnye vedomosti BelGU. Serija Estestvennye nauki ‒ Scientific bulletin of BelSU. Natural Sciences series, 2011, I. 15, no. 9 (104), pp. 147‒154 (In Russ.)
3. Orlov V. P., Shevyrev I. A., Sokolov N. A. Zheleznye rudy KMA [KMA iron ores]. Ed. V. P. Orlova. Moscow, Geoinformmark Publishing House publ., 2001, 616 p. (In Russ.)
4. Sergeev S.V., Ljabah A.I., Zajcev D.A. Opyt razrabotki bogatyh zheleznyh rud Jakovlevskogo mestorozhdenija KMA [Experience in the development of rich iron ores of the Yakovlevsky deposit KMA]. Nauchnye vedomosti BelGU. Serija Estestvennye nauki ‒ Scientific Vedomosti BelSU. Natural Sciences series, 2011, I. 14, no. 3 (98), pp. 200‒208 (In Russ.)
5.Streleckij A. V. Sovremennye problemy razrabotki rudnyh mestorozhdenij v slozhnyh gorno-geologicheskih uslovijah [Modern problems of ore deposits development in difficult mining and geological conditions] Markshejderija i nedropol'zovanie ‒ Surveying and subsoil use, 2011, no. 2, pp. 7‒8 (In Russ.)
6.Ajnbinder I. I., Ovcharenko O. V., Packevich P. G. Obosnovanie parametrov geotehnologii dobychi zheleznyh rud na Jakovlevskom mestorozhdenii [Substantiation of parameters of geotechnology of iron ore extraction at the Yakovlevsky deposit] Gornyj informacionno-analiticheskij bjulleten' ‒ Mining information and Analytical Bulletin, 2015, no. 12, pp. 8‒14 (In Russ.)
7.Zoteev O. V., Makarov A. B., Faustov S. I. Problemy otrabotki Jakovlevskogo zhelezorudnogo mestorozhdenija [Problems of development of the Yakovlevsky iron ore deposit] Izvestija vysshih uchebnyh zavedenij. Gornyj zhurnal. UGGU ‒Izvestia of higher educational institutions. Mining magazine. UGGU, 2008, vol. 8, pp. 4‒8 (In Russ.)
8.Agoshkov M. I., Borisov S. S., Bojarskij V. A. Razrabotka rudnyh i nerudnyh mestorozhdenij [Development of ore and nonmetallic deposits]. Moscow, Nedra publ., 1983, 424 p. (In Russ.)
9. Trushko, V. L., Protosenya A. G., Dashko R. E. Geomechanical and hydrogeological problems of the Yakovlevsky Deposit development. Zapiski Gornogo instituta, 2010, vol. 185. pp. 9–18.
10. Sozonov K.V. Stableness improvement of the excavations during the chamber-and-pillar development of Yakovlevsky Deposit reserves. Geomechanics and Geodynamics of Rock Masses: Proceedings of the 2018 European Rock Mechanics Symposium, 2018, vol. 1, pp. 1653‒1657.
11. Sergeev C. B., Ljabah A. I., Zajcev D. A. Inzhenerno-geologicheskoe soprovozhdenie gornyh rabot pri razrabotke ryhlyh rud KMA [Engineering and geological support of mining operations during the development of loose ores of KMA]. Gornyj informacionno-analiticheskij bjulleten' ‒ Mining information and analytical bulletin, 2011, no. 11, pp. 41‒44 (In Russ.)
12. Dashko R. Je., Volkova A. V. Issledovanie vozmozhnosti proryvov podzemnyh vod iz nizhnego kamennougol'nogo vodonosnogo gorizonta v gornye vyrabotki Jakovlevskogo rudnika [Investigation of the possibility of groundwater breakthroughs from the lower carboniferous aquifer into the mine workings of the Yakovlevsky mine]. Zapiski Gornogo instituta ‒ Notes of the Mining Institute, 2006, vol. 168, pp. 142‒149 (In Russ.)
13. Dashko R. Je., Kovaleva E. N. Kompleksnyj monitoring podzemnyh vod na Jakovlevskom mestorozhdenii bogatyh zheleznyh rud i ego rol' v povyshenii bezopasnosti vedenija gornyh rabot v uslovijah neosushennyh vodonosnyh gorizontov [Integrated monitoring of groundwater at the Yakovlevsky deposit of rich iron ores and its role in improving the safety of mining operations in conditions of undried aquifers]. Zapiski Gornogo instituta ‒ Notes of the Mining Institute, 2011, vol. 190, pp. 78‒85 (In Russ.)
14. Haustov V. V., Shapovalov I. G., Melkumov D. N., Volkova D. S., Harchenkov V. A. O geotehnicheskom monitoringe pri stroitel'stve v slozhnyh gruntovyh uslovijah [About geotechnical monitoring during construction in difficult ground conditions]. Aktual'nye problemy jekologii i ohrany truda: sb. statej XI Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii, posvjashhennoj 55-letiju Jugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [XI International Scientific and Practical Conference dedicated to the 55th anniversary of Southwestern State University]. Kursk, South State University publ., 2019, pp. 332‒338 (In Russ.)
15. Abin Thomas C.A., Jayalakshmi S., Jerin K. Antony, Kavya S. Kumar, Sreepriya K.V., Development of Self Compacting Concrete Mix and Analysis of Compressive Strength by Replacement of Fines with Iron Ore Fines., Int. J. Civ. Eng. Technol. 8(4), 2017, pp. 1928–1937.
16. Eremenko V. A., Neguritsa D. L. Efficient and active monitoring of stresses and strains in rock masses. Eurasina mining, 2016, no. 1, pp. 21‒24.
17. Ian Gray, Xiaoli Xhao, Lucy Liu Anisotropic and nonlinear properties of rock including fluid under pressure. Geomechanics and Geodynamics of Rock Masses Proceedings of the 2018 European Rock Mechanics Symposium, 2018, pp 41‒46.
18. Trushko, V. L., Protosenya A. G. Geomechanical Models and Prognosis of Stress-strain Behavior of Rock Ore in Development of Unique Deposits of Rich Iron Ores Under Water-bearing Formations. Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia, 2015, vol. 12, pp. 2879‒2888.
Опубликован
2023-08-10
Как цитировать
Голубничий, Д. В., Гилязев, Д. Х., Игнатенко, И. М., & Хаустов, В. В. (2023). Особенности обеспечения экологической безопасности подземной разработки Яковлевского месторождения богатых железных руд. Вестник ВГУ. Серия: Геология, (2), 94-103. https://doi.org/10.17308/geology/1609-0691/2023/2/94-103
Выпуск
Раздел
Гидрогеология, геоэкология
