Peculiarities of migration of hydrocarbons in the soils of the aeration area in the locations of large oil reservoirs

Abstract

An increase in the number of transport, filling stations, refineries, fuel storage bases negatively affects the environment. Polluting elements enter the soil and ground through the straits by using fuel tanks, drifting rain, and evaporation. This article considers the migration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soils of the aeration zone, underground waters. Most often this process leads to the formation of a lens with an excessive content of petroleum products. The area of such a lens in contact with the surface of groundwater can reach 20 - 30 hectares or more. Particular attention is paid to the specific structure and properties of soils in the aeration zone. With the penetration of hydrocarbons into the watered ground, a halo of pollution is formed, significantly exceeding the initial volume of incoming substances. In the second half of the article, as an example, a description is given of the contamination on the territory of the Krasnoe Znamya Combine, located in the city of Voronezh at ul. Dimitrov 147. The schemes of distribution of various forms of oil pollution, the observational network of the oil products area are given. Schemes explain that, the main focus of pollution is the lens of a conventionally clean oil product, developed on the site of the discharge - the loading rack. The concentration of petroleum products in groundwater within the area of oil storage exceeds the MPC.