Change of hydrogeological conditions OF Shirvan steppe of Azerbaijan under the influence of anthropogenous factors

Abstract

Research objective was studing of change of hydrogeological conditions of the Shirvan steppe of Azerbaijan under the influence of anthropogenous factors. İt was revealed that in connection with the implementation of various hydrogeological meliorative actions measures, the most considerable changes in the hydrogeological conditions of the plain were observed after 1958 when have been put into operation the Upper-Shirvan channel in 1964. Main Shirvan collector. Since that time, there has been a steady rise in the level of groundwater, and in some cases, pressurized water. Under the influence of irrigation melioration, the level of groundwater in the course of 80 years (1930–2010) rose more than 4.2 m, from 6,04 to 179 m. In 1930, the level oground waters (LGW) of the Shirvan steppe fell to a depth of 5–10 m, and since 1951 it has risen. In connection with the construction of reservoirs, irrigational and irrigation areas in 1980, the LGW rose 3-fold. In 1995, the LGW covered up to 3 m 90–95% of the entire steppe area. İn the next years the raising of LGW has begun to weaken and stabilization occurs. The raising (LGW) is generally connected with absence or bad work of collector- drainage system. In accordance with the GW regime, their mineralization is formed. The mineralization of GWA for 80 years due to dilution of surface water and drainage of highly mineralized water by drainage has decreased by about 13,8 g/l or from 28,6 to 14,8 g / l. Almost on the entire area of the plains, the regime is formed under the influence of artificial factors, the main of which are irrigation and drainage. For this reason, the climatic type of regime was transformed by irrigation-climatic.