Calculation of the vertical gravity gradient using the measurements of a dual-sphere superconducting gravimeter

Abstract

Introduction: The vertical gravity gradient at any point on the Earth is determined by the vertical change in gravity and plays an important role in the study of the Earth and near-Earth space. Unfortunately, a variometer to measure the vertical gradient has not yet been created. Now measurements are made using gravimeters located at different heights. Methodology: The calculation of the vertical gradient values based on gravity measurements with a dualsphere superconducting gravimeter using the data obtained at the BFO observatory (Schwarzwald, Germany) was considered. Results and discussion: At the moment, superconducting gravimeters with two sensors at different heights have been created, they make it possible to measure the gradient with high accuracy. The sensors are easily synchronized by their own measurements. The gradient depends on the presence of meteor showers, atmos- pheric fronts, and other space and atmospheric phenomena. Conclusions: As a result of the research, it can be said that the pulsations of the vertical gradient exist along with the gravity pulsations and in the same time scale. Consequently, the pulsations of the vertical gradient are caused by meteor showers and meteorological factors (typhoons, hurricanes, etc.).