Study on the efficiency of laser radiation attenuation using a nickelphthalocyanine-based nanocomposite with cyclotriphosphazenesubstituent and single-walled carbon nanotubes

Mikhail S. Savelyev; Pavel N. Vasilevsky; Ekaterina P. Otsupko; Alexander Yu. Tolbin; Alexander Yu. Gerasimenko

doi:10.17308/kcmf.2026.28/13971

Authors

Mikhail S. Savelyev National Research University of Electronic Technology, 1, Shokin sq., Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russian Federation , I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
Pavel N. Vasilevsky National Research University of Electronic Technology, 1, Shokin sq., Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russian Federation
Ekaterina P. Otsupko National Research University of Electronic Technology, 1, Shokin sq., Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russian Federation
Alexander Yu. Tolbin Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, Severny proezd, Chernogolovka 142432, Russian Federation
Alexander Yu. Gerasimenko National Research University of Electronic Technology, 1, Shokin sq., Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russian Federation , I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2026.28/13971

Keywords:

Laser radiation limiters, Carbon nanotubes, Phthalocyanines, Z-scan, Radiation transfer equation, Nonlinear absorption, Nonlinear refraction, CORRELATO

Abstract

Objectives: A key challenge in nonlinear optics is the development of high-performance materials for optical limiters of laser radiation. Such materials must combine high linear transmittance under low-intensity irradiation—ensuring efficient transmission of the useful optical signal—with fast, reversible switching to an opaque state once the intensity threshold is exceeded, thereby providing protection against nanosecond-duration pulses. Meeting these requirements is essential for safeguarding sensitive optoelectronic components, such as charge-coupled devices (CCDs), complementary metaloxide- semiconductor (CMOS) structures, and other detection systems. A promising candidate to address this challenge is a nanocomposite that integrates single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with nickel phthalocyanine molecules functionalized by a cyclotriphosphazene substituent.

Experimental: The nonlinear optical properties of the synthesized nanocomposite were evaluated using the open aperture Z-scan method. A 1070 nm ytterbium fiber laser was used as the radiation source, generating 4 ns pulses with a repetition rate of 50 kHz at an average power of 550 mW. A comparative analysis of the nonlinear response was performed for three samples dispersed in dimethylformamide (DMF): a solution of tert-butyl-substituted nickel phthalocyanine with a cyclotriphosphazene moiety (1 – NiPct-ppz), an SWCNT dispersion (2), and a hybrid dispersion based on the proposed nanocomposite (3 – NiPct-ppz@SWCNT). A quantitative assessment of the confinement efficiency for each sample was performed using the CORRELATO algorithm, the methodology of which was described in our previous studies. The input parameters for the algorithm were determined based on a mathematical model grounded in the radiation transfer equation and accounting for the threshold nature of the nonlinear optical response.

Conclusions: According to the results of a comprehensive evaluation conducted using the CORRELATO algorithm, nanocomposite 3 demonstrated the greatest effectiveness in attenuating laser radiation. The synergistic effect in the hybrid is due to the combination of the properties of the constituent components: a low nonlinearity threshold characteristic of the phthalocyanine complex (Fx ≈ 0.12 J/cm²), and the mechanism of additional nonlinear scattering introduced by carbon nanotubes. As a result of hybridization, a significant increase in the nonlinear absorption coefficient was achieved, with a value exceeding 480 cm/GW for the composite

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Author Biographies

Mikhail S. Savelyev, National Research University of Electronic Technology, 1, Shokin sq., Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russian Federation, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), Assistant Professor at Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology – MIET (Zelenograd, Moscow, Russian Federation); Leading Research Fellow, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Moscow, Russian Federation)
Pavel N. Vasilevsky, National Research University of Electronic Technology, 1, Shokin sq., Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russian Federation

Assistant, Engineer in Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology – MIET (Zelenograd, Moscow, Russian Federation)
Ekaterina P. Otsupko, National Research University of Electronic Technology, 1, Shokin sq., Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russian Federation

undergraduate at Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology – MIET (Zelenograd, Moscow, Russian Federation)
Alexander Yu. Tolbin, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, Severny proezd, Chernogolovka 142432, Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS (FRC PCP MC RAS) (Chernogolovka, Russian Federation)
Alexander Yu. Gerasimenko, National Research University of Electronic Technology, 1, Shokin sq., Zelenograd, Moscow 124498, Russian Federation, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Professor in Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology – MIET (Zelenograd, Moscow, Russian Federation); Head of the Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Moscow, Russian Federation)

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