Artificial intelligence in judicial proceedings: opportunities, limits, and legal risks

Abstract

The rapid development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have significantly influenced modern judicial proceedings. AI tools are increasingly used to automate routine procedural tasks, analyze judicial data, support decision-making processes, and improve access to justice. At the same time, the integration of AI into the administration of justice raises complex legal, ethical, and institutional challenges. This article examines the main areas of application of artificial intelligence in judicial proceedings, identifies its potential benefits, and analyzes the objective limits of its use. Particular attention is paid to legal risks associated with algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, accountability for automated decisions, protection of personal data, and the preservation of fundamental principles of justice, including judicial independence, equality of parties, and the right to a fair trial. The author substantiates the need for a balanced legal framework that ensures the responsible use of artificial intelligence in judicial proceedings while preventing the substitution of judicial discretion and safeguarding human rights.