Ion-exchange Conversion of Sulfate Solutions of Ammonium Alum into Chloride Solutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17308/sorpchrom.2026.26/13628Abstract
At the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, an effective method for extracting lithium from highly mineralized solutions by sorption of the target component on freshly precipitated aluminum hydroxide was developed. This method raises the problem of restoring the sorption capacity of aluminum hydroxide after each sorption-desorption cycle by dissolution and re-precipitation. To reduce the cost of this process, it was proposed to use the bisulfate method, which can be carried out in the form of low-reagent cycles. In this process, solutions of aluminum sulfate are obtained, from which the precipitation of Al(OH)3 is difficult, and the problem of converting the sulfate solution into a chloride solution arises. Many other chemical and hydrometallurgical processes were known that are carried out more efficiently in a chloride environment than in a sulfate environment. The paper examines the possibility of implementing an ion-exchange conversion of such solutions. The study shows that the ion exchange process of SO42- - Cl- for solutions with concentrations of exchangeable components commensurate with the capacity of the anion exchanger should be performed using sequentially connected columns (cascade), the head column of which is converted to the SO4 form by the end of the cycle, and the final column, which is in the Cl form at the beginning of the cycle, ensures the production of a final solution containing predominantly Cl- ions. The possibility of obtaining solutions with a high content of aluminum chloride has been demonstrated experimentally. From the resulting solution, more than 90% of the aluminum contained in it can be isolated in the form of freshly precipitated Al(OH)3 that does not contain a significant amounts of impurities. The contribution of various mechanisms for the interaction of chloride and sulfate solutions with a highly basic anion exchanger was assessed. It was shown that the non-exchange sorption of aluminum sulfate plays a significant role in the process under consideration.
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