Chromatographic Methods of Control Over Ecotoxicants: From Volatile Compounds to Microplastics (Review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17308/sorpchrom.2026.26/13695Keywords:
chromatographic analysis, ecotoxicants, contaminants, microplastics, detectorsAbstract
The review considers research by the Voronezh school of chromatography in the control over ecotoxicants and contaminants. The current state of the problem of analyzing environmental pollutants and various materials using chromatographic methods is presented. The abstracts of the review were presented at the scientific and practical conference “Ionites-2025”. Approaches to chromatographic analysis of the most common ecotoxicants and contaminants were systematized, and trends in the development of chromatographic techniques were identified. The determination of volatile organic compounds is performed using capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass-selective methods of analyte detection, while relatively high-molecular compounds are determined by HPLC methods performing analysis primarily in reversed-phase and hydrophilic chromatography modes using spectrophotometric, refractometric, and mass-selective detectors. In the chromatography of inorganic ions and organic ionogenic and neutral polar compounds, not only ion-exchange stationary phases but also hydrophilic phases are used. In hydrophilic phases, competing retention mechanisms can prevail depending on the composition of the eluent. Micro- and nanoplastics have attracted considerable attention in the last decade, but there is still no certified methods for their determination in water or food products, although widespread contamination with these ecotoxicants has been reliably established. The use of some chromatographic methods in the analysis of microplastics are discussed.
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