Sorption properties of activated bentonite clays
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17308/sorpchrom.2026.26/14179Keywords:
bentonite, montmorillonite, acid activation, adsorption, beta-carotene, cation exchange capacity, clay defer-rization, adsorption isotherm, Langmuir model, Freundlich model, BET modelAbstract
The kinetic dependences of dissolution of montmorillonite clays from the Nikolskoye, Taganskoye, Gerpezhskoye, and Sarigyukhskoye deposits in sulfuric acid were determined, and the adsorption value of β-carotene in n-hexane on the products of sulfuric acid activation was measured. The dissolution kinetics of montmorillonites were evaluated spectrophotometrically by changes in the content of iron ions in minerals insoluble in citrate-dithionite solution and by cation exchange capacity (CEC) characterizing the content of magnesium ions in the montmorillonite structure. The adsorption value of β-carotene in n-hexane was determined spectrophotometrically by absorption intensity at a wavelength of 446 nm. It was found that clays from the Nikolskoye and Taganskoye deposits are the least resistant to sulfuric acid treatment. During 8 hours of treatment, Nikolskoye and Taganskoye clays lose up to 80 wt. % of iron ions (Fe²⁺ + Fe³⁺), while Gerpezhskoye and Sarigyukhskoye clays lose only 67 and 46 wt. %, respectively. The cation exchange capacity values of all clays consistently decrease during the acid activation process. It was established that the dissolution reaction of iron and magnesium ions (the content of which is proportional to cation exchange capacity) follows pseudo-second-order reaction. The half-lives for the content of iron ions and cation exchange capacity for Nikolskoye clay were 1.6 and 1.6 h; for Taganskoye – 1.9 and 2.0 h; for Gerpezhskoye – 3.8 and 4.5 h; for Sarigyukhskoye – 8.9 and 5.5 h, respectively. The equilibrium adsorption data of β-carotene on acid-activated products were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) models. The BET model most adequately describes the adsorption isotherms. The presence of two adsorption regions on the adsorption isotherms suggests a polymolecular adsorption character on the tested adsorbents. The monolayer adsorption capacities for clays from the Nikolskoye, Sarigyukhskoye, Gerpezhskoye, and Taganskoye deposits were 339.7, 271.8, 262.6 and 272.1 mg/g, respectively.
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