Режим чрезвычайного положения: вопросы теории и практики
Ключевые слова:
режим чрезвычайного положения, экстраординарные ситуации, публичная администрация, ограничение прав и свобод, юридические гарантии
Аннотация
Рассматривается чрезвычайное положение как экстраординарный (особый) административно-правовой режим, анализируются подходы к определению сущности и юридического содержания данного правового режима. Установлено, что нормы чрезвычайного законодательства в условиях экстраординарных ситуаций обеспечивают устойчивое функционирование государства и деятельность субъектов публичного администрирования посредством расширения их правового инструментария и закрепления особых регулятивных юридических норм. Выявлено, что в действующем законодательстве категории «экстраординарная ситуация», «чрезвычайная ситуация» используются как однопорядковые, однако таковыми не являются. Сформулировано определение понятия «чрезвычайное положение» и обозначены сферы применения соответствующего правового режима. Выделены основные направления, определяющие полномочия органов публичной администрации по обеспечению режима чрезвычайного положения. Внесены предложения по совершенствованию терминологического аппарата Федерального конституционного закона от 30 мая 2001 г. № 3-ФКЗ «О чрезвычайном положении».
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Литература
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Basov A. V. State of emergency : concept and signs // Issues of Russian and international law. 2017. Vol. 7, no. 10A. P. 99–106.
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Bakhrakh D. N. Administrative law of Russia : textbook for universities. Moskow : NORMA, 2000. 640 p.
Bakhrakh D. N., Khazanov S. D. Legal regime of a state of emergency. Yekaterinburg : Publishing house of the Sverdlovsk Law Institute, 1992. 33 p.
Vagapova L. Kh., Badamshin S. Kh. Structure of the legal regime // St. Petersburg Educational Bulletin. 2016. No. 2 (2). P. 26–28.
Gessen V. M. Exceptional situation. Classics of constitutional and administrative law. Kharkov, 2004. 418 p.
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Dzhambalayev Y. R. State of emergency as a special legal regime // Law and legistation. 2011. No. 4. P. 21–23.
Elistratov A. I. Basic principles of administrative law. 2nd ed., corr. and exp. Moscow : Publication by G. A. Leman and S. I. Sakharov, 1917. 294 p.
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Kuntuev D. B. Emergency legal regulation : concept, signs // News of Altai State University. 2014. No. 2 (82). P. 137–139.
Lebedev V. A. Constitutional foundations of restrictions on the rights and freedoms of man and citizen // Lex Russica. 2017. No. 1 (122). P. 130–139.
Matuzov N. I., Malko A. V. Legal regimes : concept and types // Legal science and reform of legal education : Collection of scientific studies works. Vol. 4: Law and politics : modern problems of correlation and development. Voronezh : Voronezh University Publishing House, 1996. P. 16–29.
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Melekhin A.V. Emergency legislation of the Russian Federation : theoretical, legal and organizational problems of its implementation : monograph. Moscow : Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2013. 460 p.
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Rushailo V. B. Administrative and legal regimes : monograph. Moscow : Shchit-M, 2000. 263 p.
Salamov N. M.-O. Restriction of human and civil rights and freedoms in order to protect health during a pandemic : problems and proposals // Siberian Legal Bulletin. 2021. No. 4 (95). P. 52–59.
Sitnikov A. P. Issues of correlation between the categories “legal regime”, “legal status”, “legal order” // Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University. 2009. No. 31. P. 9–11.
Ukhov V. Yu. On legal guarantees of human rights and freedoms and the responsibility of citizens and officials in a state of emergency // Russian investigator. 2007. No. 20. Access from SPS “ConsultantPlus”.
Fomin A. A. Emergency legislation in the Russian state : theoretical and legal research : cand. legal sci. dis. abstr. Saratov, 2001. 27 p.
Khazanov S. D. Legal regulation of a state of emergency in the Russian Federation (administrative and legal research) : cand. legal sci. dis. abstr. Ekaterinburg, 1996. 26 p.
Shamsumova E. F. Legal regimes (theoretical aspect) : cand. legal sci. dis. abstr. Ekaterinburg, 2001. 23 p.
Shevchenko I. V. Constitutional guarantees for the implementation of human rights and freedoms in the activities of public authorities during a state of emergency // Society. Wednesday. Development (Terra Humana). 2009. No. 4. P. 73–81.
Shevchenko I. V. Industry guarantees of observance of human rights and freedoms by employees of internal affairs bodies during a state of emergency // Bulletin of еconomic security. 2009. No. 10. P. 103– 106.
Bluntschli J. K. Allgemeines Staatsrecht. Bd. 1. 3. umgearb. Aufl. Münhen : Verl. der Literarischartistischen Anstalt, 1863. VIII, 562 p.
Alekseev S. S. Theory of law. 2nd ed. Moskow, 1995. 311 p.
Basov A. V. State of emergency : concept and signs // Issues of Russian and international law. 2017. Vol. 7, no. 10A. P. 99–106.
Basova Yu. Yu. Functional structure of the system for ensuring the rule of law in emergency situations // Scientifi c notes of the Crimean Federal University named after V. I. Vernadsky. Legal sciences. 2020. No.3. P. 181–189.
Bakhrakh D. N. Administrative law of Russia : textbook for universities. Moskow : NORMA, 2000. 640 p.
Bakhrakh D. N., Khazanov S. D. Legal regime of a state of emergency. Yekaterinburg : Publishing house of the Sverdlovsk Law Institute, 1992. 33 p.
Vagapova L. Kh., Badamshin S. Kh. Structure of the legal regime // St. Petersburg Educational Bulletin. 2016. No. 2 (2). P. 26–28.
Gessen V. M. Exceptional situation. Classics of constitutional and administrative law. Kharkov, 2004. 418 p.
Gromov M. A. Administrative legal regime, special legal regime, emergency legal regime : correlation and classification // Scientific portal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2008. No. 2. P. 24–29.
Dzhambalayev Y. R. State of emergency as a special legal regime // Law and legistation. 2011. No. 4. P. 21–23.
Elistratov A. I. Basic principles of administrative law. 2nd ed., corr. and exp. Moscow : Publication by G. A. Leman and S. I. Sakharov, 1917. 294 p.
Isakov V. B. The mechanism of legal regulation and legal regimes // Problems of the theory of state and law. Moskow : Legal literature, 1987. P. 245–267.
Kazak B. B., Omarov O. S. Legal aspects of ensuring a state of emergency in modern conditions // Gaps in Russian legislation. 2016. No. 7. Access from SPS “ConsultantPlus”.
Knyazhev V. B., Maydykov A. F. On some features of the legal regulation of the activities of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in special conditions // Proceedings of the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2018. No.3 (47). P. 91–96.
Kozinnikova E. N. State of exception as an emergency legal regime (experience of analyzing regulations and works of police officers of the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century) // Genesis : historical studies. 2017. No. 11. P. 87– 95.
Kozinnikova E. N. The emergency legal regime of the state of exception in Russia at the end of the 19th– beginning of the 20th century as assessed by representatives of the school of “revived natural law” // Bulletin of St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2019. No. 1 (81). P. 26–36.
Kozinnikova E. N. Emergency legal regime of a state of exception : regulatory framework for introduction in imperial Russia // Bulletin of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2017. No. 4 (76). P. 32–37.
Kropacheva A. V. On some issues of the procedure for introducing a state of emergency in the Russian Federation // Bulletin of the O. E. Kutafin University. 2016. No. 5 (21). P. 196–201.
Kuntuev D. B. Emergency legal regulation : concept, signs // News of Altai State University. 2014. No. 2 (82). P. 137–139.
Lebedev V. A. Constitutional foundations of restrictions on the rights and freedoms of man and citizen // Lex Russica. 2017. No. 1 (122). P. 130–139.
Matuzov N. I., Malko A. V. Legal regimes : concept and types // Legal science and reform of legal education : Collection of scientific studies works. Vol. 4: Law and politics : modern problems of correlation and development. Voronezh : Voronezh University Publishing House, 1996. P. 16–29.
International and domestic protection of human rights : textbook / A. Kh. Abashidze, Z. G. Aliev, K. F. Amirov [et al.] ; R. M. Valeeva (ed.). Moscow : Statute, 2011. 830 p.
Melekhin A.V. Emergency legislation of the Russian Federation : theoretical, legal and organizational problems of its implementation : monograph. Moscow : Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2013. 460 p.
Okhotsky E. V. State anti-crisis management : textbook for bachelor's and master's degrees. Moskow : Yurayt Publishing House, 2019. 371 p.
Petryanina O. A. State of emergency as a special legal regime for the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms in the Russian Federation // Legal science and practice : Journal of Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2016. No. 4 (36). P. 135–138.
Pchelintsev S. V. Legal status of the individual during the period of martial law and states of emergency : theoretical aspects // Constitutional and municipal law. 2004. No. 6. Access from SPS “ConsultantPlus”. Rachev D. N. Mechanism of administrative and legal support of the legal regime of a state of emergency // Legistation and law. 2020. No. 1. P. 178–181.
Romanovsky V. G. Extraordinary situation : concept, legal regime, features of regulation // Science. Society. State. 2021. No. 1 (33). P. 54–62.
Rushailo V. B. Administrative and legal regimes : monograph. Moscow : Shchit-M, 2000. 263 p.
Salamov N. M.-O. Restriction of human and civil rights and freedoms in order to protect health during a pandemic : problems and proposals // Siberian Legal Bulletin. 2021. No. 4 (95). P. 52–59.
Sitnikov A. P. Issues of correlation between the categories “legal regime”, “legal status”, “legal order” // Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University. 2009. No. 31. P. 9–11.
Ukhov V. Yu. On legal guarantees of human rights and freedoms and the responsibility of citizens and officials in a state of emergency // Russian investigator. 2007. No. 20. Access from SPS “ConsultantPlus”.
Fomin A. A. Emergency legislation in the Russian state : theoretical and legal research : cand. legal sci. dis. abstr. Saratov, 2001. 27 p.
Khazanov S. D. Legal regulation of a state of emergency in the Russian Federation (administrative and legal research) : cand. legal sci. dis. abstr. Ekaterinburg, 1996. 26 p.
Shamsumova E. F. Legal regimes (theoretical aspect) : cand. legal sci. dis. abstr. Ekaterinburg, 2001. 23 p.
Shevchenko I. V. Constitutional guarantees for the implementation of human rights and freedoms in the activities of public authorities during a state of emergency // Society. Wednesday. Development (Terra Humana). 2009. No. 4. P. 73–81.
Shevchenko I. V. Industry guarantees of observance of human rights and freedoms by employees of internal affairs bodies during a state of emergency // Bulletin of еconomic security. 2009. No. 10. P. 103– 106.
Bluntschli J. K. Allgemeines Staatsrecht. Bd. 1. 3. umgearb. Aufl. Münhen : Verl. der Literarischartistischen Anstalt, 1863. VIII, 562 p.
