Speech influence as a subject of linguopragmatics (based on texts of folk spells)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of texts of such a little-studied genre of folklore as conspiracy. The purpose of the study is to identify the verbal and nonverbal aspects of the pragmatics of the conspiracy text that form the impact program. The research was conducted in line with the anthropocentric paradigm based on the directions of modern linguistics – linguopragmatics and speech influence. The texts printed by the collector L. N. Maikov in the XIX century are used as the material. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was formed taking into account fundamental and relevant research in the field of pragmatics and speech influence (J. Austin, I. A. Sternin, B. Yu. Norman, etc.) using linguopragmatic, communicative-functional, contextual, descriptive and component methods. The central concepts of the article are speech impact, the origins of which originate in linguopragmatics, and the effectiveness of communication as an indicator of the effectiveness of impact. In the aspect of determining the parameters of communication effectiveness, we came to the conclusion that the main indicator lies in the pragmatics of a particular speech act. Through the prism of such linguopragmatic elements as locution, illocution, perlocution, the stages of the formation of speech influence in the texts of folklore plots were presented. As a result of the work carried out, it was revealed that some texts under the influence of the religious picture of the world "lose" their ordered content, changing the tactics of influence and skipping some elements in the "locomotive" trio. The study of the levels of the theory of the linguistic sign – semantics, syntactics and pragmatics – led to the conclusion that in spells it is the pragmatic component that determines the choice of linguistic means at the level of semantics and syntactics. In the parameters of the effectiveness of the communication of the spoken text, there is no component of the emotional response of the addressee, since the texts of this genre imply the effectiveness of the speaker's will, which does not imply further communicative interaction.