On the manifestations of cultural information in the word and phraseology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17308/lic/1680-5755/2023/3/41-47Keywords:
language and culture, cultural information, cultural meanings, cultural connotation, linguistic and cultural interpretation of national specifics, vocabulary, phraseology, Russian language, Russian culture, Vietnamese language, Vietnamese cultureAbstract
The article attempts to clarify the content of several terms that are closely related and often used in the scientific literature as synonymous formations and equivalent concepts. These are terms such as cultural meanings, cultural information, cultural connotation, etc., which arose in connection with the anthropocentric approach to the description of linguistic facts, as well as with the increased interest in the humanitarian side of knowledge. The identification of cultural information in the semantics of words and expressions and the study of cultural meanings that arise in speech use demonstrate an interdisciplinary and intercultural approach to the description of vocabulary and phraseology, to the identification of intercultural identities and differences. The identification of cultural information in the word алтарь, which entered the Russian language more than a thousand years ago, showed that it preserved information about the original sphere of existence (offering sacrifices to pagan gods and deities, following Christian rituals), but brought to the fore the idea of sacrifice, including readiness for self-sacrifice in the name of great goals. In Vietnamese linguoculture, bàn thờ is an analogue of the Russian word алтарь. Bàn thờ also stores religious cultural information related to the cult of ancestors, with the commemoration of deceased family members. But bàn thờ is also a reminder to the living that it is necessary to take care of your life, because the happiness of the whole family depends on it. The main cultural information hidden in the semantics of bàn thờ is the preservation of the memory of ancestors, the practiced connection of living and already departed people, that is, the continuous connection of generations within the family. These examples show the potential for identifying cultural information stored in linguistic units, ways to extract and describe it against the background of specific cultural contexts and prospects for linguocultural interpretation of the national specifics of the word and phraseology.
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