СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЛЕКСЕМ, ОБОЗНАЧАЮЩИХ ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ СУБЪЕКТА В СВОБОДНОМ И СВЯЗАННОМ ЗНАЧЕНИИ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ФРАНЦУЗСКИХ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМОВ)

Abstract

Тhe article is devoted to the analysis of the semantic and structural features of French phraseological units containing the lexeme – the emotional state of a person. Through a comparative and component analysis of phraseological units with the component “emotional state of a person”, the specifi cs of their grammatical structure and motivation are revealed, the signs of phraseological nomination are classifi ed, and the process of changing the semantics of components denoting the emotional state of a person in the composition of a phraseological unit is studied, and their classifi cation is developed. Analysis of the process of semantic derivation based on the lexeme - the emotional state of a person in independent use and during phraseological derivation on its basis made it possible to establish that the process of phraseologization is a “catalyst” that contributes to the actualization of implicit components of the meaning of “emotional state”. Particular attention is paid to the compositional semantics of phraseological units. In the course of the work, we come to the conclusion that the process of phraseologization is systemic and refl ects a number of semantic and structural patterns, namely, the process of phraseologization is represented by two options: phraseological and phraseosemantic derivation. The criterion for distinguishing them is the presence of a semantic shift before or after the formation of a phraseological unit. The study of phraseological units led to the conclusion that as a result of phraseological derivation, in most cases, phraseological unities are formed that have partial idiomaticity, and as a result of phraseosemantic derivation, predominantly phraseological adhesions are formed that have signifi cant idiomaticity. In the process of studying phraseological fusions, we cannot talk about the semantics of the phraseolex; we consider the meaning of the entire expression and note to what extent the components of the semantic structure of the phraseolex are preserved during phraseologization; as a result, the entire expression is subject to component analysis. The processes of semantic changes based on lexical units within phraseological units are of a regular nature.