Means of verbalization of subject relations in linguistic picture of the world (based on material from french and russian languages)

Abstract

linguistic picture of the world is a set of knowledge about the world accumulated by man and presented in linguistic form. Being surrounded by objects, a person refl ects his relations with objects and relations between objects by various linguistic means within the framework of his linguistic picture of the world. This article examines the methods of syntactic verbalization of substantive related relations in the linguistic picture of the world of the French and Russian languages. To solve this goal, the concept of "linguistic picture of the world" is considered, the methods and the means of syntactic verbalization of substantive related relations in the Russian and French languages in the framework of the functional semantic approach are described. The functional semantic classification of a simple sentence offers an appropriate type of sentence called substantive related sentence. To compare the syntactic means used I order to refl ect the substantive related relations in the Russian and French pictures of the world, the translations of French substantive related sentences into Russian were analyzed. The analysis showed that the verbalization of substantive related relations in the French and Russian picture of the world is implemented in accordance with the following strategies: French substantive related sentence – Russian substantive related sentence, French substantive related sentence – other types of Russian sentences, French substantive related sentence – lack of syntactic expression of substantive related relations. Within the framework of the second strategy studied in this article, it was found that an object can receive a syntactic characteristic: 1) through the establishment of its identity with another object with the help of identifying-object sentences; 2) by indicating its sign with the help of indicative sentences; 3) through the subject of an active action with the help of active-process sentences; 4) through an indication of the result of infl uencing an object by another object verbalized by passive-process sentences. In addition, not only a change in the syntactic form during translation was noted, but also the use of specifi c translation solutions that complements the translator's interpretation of the features of the linguistic picture of the world of the target language.