Adsorption-chromatographic determination of phenols in aqueous solu-tions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17308/sorpchrom.2025.25/13576Keywords:
active carbon, MeKS-O, adsorption, desorption, phenolAbstract
The high antioxidant activity (AOA) of phenols (phenol, di- and trihydroxybenzenes) makes them indispensable components in the chemical, coke and petrochemical, textile and pulp and paper industries. Treated wastewater from such industries may contain significant amounts of phenol, the maximum permissible concentration in water for which, according to the data, is 0.1 mg/l. The aim of this work is to develop a method for adsorption-chromatographic determination of phenols in aqueous solutions.
The adsorption of phenols from aqueous solutions by activated carbon MeKS-O was studied for the first time. The adsorption process was carried out in two modes: static (in a centrifuge tube) and dynamic (on a mini-column). The selected mixing mode ensures the "delivery" of phenol molecules to the outer boundary of the "viscous" layer, saturating the surface of the AC with MeKS-O to equilibrium with the solution. The rate of phenol adsorption was achieved solely through internal diffusion mass transfer. n this case, the physical mechanism of sorption (Langmuir isotherms) is realized. As a result of interactions between the adsorbent (AC) and the adsorptive (phenols), the mechanism of a donor-acceptor complex is realized: oxygen (-OH, >C=O, -COOH) or nitrogen (-C≡N) on the AC MeKS-O surface acts as an electron donor, while the benzene ring of phenols acts as an acceptor. Surface functional groups on AC MeKS-O are capable of interacting with water molecules and adsorbing hydrated phenol molecules, which significantly increases the adsorption capacity of AC. Using IR spectroscopy, it was confirmed that phenols are adsorbed in the micropores of the AC MeKS-O in a hydrated form and interaction with the active centers of the AC is carried out through a “bridge” of a water molecule. Using the Langmuir (TMA) and Dubinin–Radushkevich (TOZM) equations, it was confirmed that the micropores of the AU MeKS-O are filled similarly to capillary condensation. Phenol desorption was performed dynamically (on mini-columns) using an ethanol solution of KOH as the eluent; the degree of phenol desorption was 80-82%.
An adsorption-chromatographic method for determining phenols in aqueous solutions has been developed. The method has been tested on artificially prepared phenol mixtures; the determination error does not exceed 2%.
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