Мощность земной коры территории Республики Нигер по данным стохастической интерпретации гравитационного поля
Ключевые слова:
Республика Нигер, гравитационное поле, стохастическая интерпретация, мощность земной коры
Аннотация
Введение: Территория Республики Нигер и прилегающих стран Западной Африки относится к областям слабо обеспеченным данными наземных и аэрогеофизических съёмок, нацеленными на региональное изучение земной коры. Цель настоящей статьи – обобщение данных наземных и спутниковых съёмок гравитационного поля, предназначенных для изучения земной коры в условиях неполноты исходной геолого-геофизической информации. Задачей последующей интерпретации выявляемых гравитационных аномалий является создание обновлённой схемы мощности земной коры территории Республики Нигер, для которой до настоящего времени известно несколько существенно различных вариантов строения коры. Методика: Объединение результатов наземных гравиметрических съёмок 60-х годов и современных цифровых спутниковых моделей гравитационного поля с целью формирования синтетической модели аномального поля, пригодной для последующей его интерпретации на основе использования самой общей стохастической модели с сингулярными источниками в горизонтальном слое. Результаты и обсуждение: Результаты интерпретации гравитационных аномалий на основе стохастической модели источников поля позволили составить карту оценок мощности земной коры для территории исследований и сопредельных областей. Построенная схема, сопоставленная с результатами предшествующих работ по определению мощности земной коры, демонстрирует значимые различия моделей коры, особенно в восточной части региона. Выполненный анализ статистической связи полученных оценок мощности земной коры и усреднённых величин рельефа территории демонстрирует некоторую тенденцию связи между этими параметрами, что позволяет сделать вывод о частичной изостатической компенсации для крупных блоков коры региона. Анализ данных по мощности земной коры и схемы поверхностных геолого-тектонических элементов строения территории Республики Нигер позволил наметить связи геодинамической эволюции коры с положением границы раздела кора-мантия. Заключение: Составленная синтетическая модель гравитационного поля в редукции Буге может служить достоверной основой при решении задач регионального гравиметрического моделирования. Результаты стохастической интерпретации гравитационного поля региона позволили получить оценки мощности земной коры изучаемой территории в рамках принятой модели слоя со случайным распределением плотностных неоднородностей. Сопоставление полученных оценок мощности земной коры с данными стандартной модели CRUST1 демонстрирует существенное несоответствие последней для изучаемой территории. Анализ новых данных о мощности земной коры позволил наметить особенности глубинного строения блоков литосферы, отождествляемых с крупными элементами тектонической схемы территории Республики Нигер.
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Литература
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2. Glaznev V. N. Complexnyi geophysichesky modeli litosphery Fennoscandii [Complex geophysical models of the Fennoscandian lithosphere]. Apatity, «K&M». 2003. 252 p. (accessed: 19.11.2020). (in Russ.)
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4. Glaznev V. N., Mints M. V., Muravina O. M., Raevsky A. B., Osipenko L. G. Complex geological–geophysical 3D model of the crust in the southeastern Fennoscandian Shield: Nature of density layering of the crust and crust–mantle boundary. Geodynamics & Tectonophysics, 2015, v. 6, no. 2, pp. 133–170. DOI
5. Muravina O. M. Density model of the Earth's crust of the Voronezh crystal massif. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya = Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geology, 2016, no. 1, pp. 108–114. URL
6. Motavalli-Anbaran S. H., Zeyen H., Jamasb A. 3D crustal and lithospheric model of the Arabia – Eurasia collision zone. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2016, v. 122, pp. 158–167. DOI
7. Buyanov A. F., Glaznev V. N., Raevskiy A. B., Scopenko G. B. Complexnay interpretacija dannuh gravimetrii, seismometrii I geotermii [Complex interpretation of gravimetry, seismometry and geothermal data]. Geofizicheskiy zurnal, 1989, v. 11, no. 2, pp. 30–39. (in Russ.)
8. Glaznev V. N., Raevsky A. B., Sharov N. V. A model of the deep structure of the north-eastern part of the Baltic Shield based on joint interpretation of seismic, gravity, magnetic and heat f low data. Tectonophysics, 1989, v. 162, no. 1−2, pp. 151−164. DOI
9. Glaznev V. N., Muravina O. M., Voronova T. A., Holin V. M. Otshenka moshtnosti raviactivnogo sloay ztmnoy cory Voronezhskogo kristallicheskogo massiva [Assessment of the graviactive layer of the Earth's crust of the Voronezh crystalline massive]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya = Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geology, 2014, no. 4, pp. 78−84. URL
10. Pavlis N. K., Holmes S. A., Kenyon S. C., Factor J. K. The development and evaluation of the Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM2008). Journal Geophysical Research, Solid Earth, 2012, v. 117, B04406. DOI
11. Mooney W., Laske G., Masters G. CRUST 5.1 : A global crustal model at 5x5 degrees. Journal Geophysical Research, 1998, v. 103, pp. 727–747. DOI
12. Laske G., Masters G., Ma Z., Pasyanos M. Update on CRUST1.0 - A 1-degree Global Model of Earth's Crust. Abstract EGU2013-2658 presented at 2013 Geophys. Res. Abstracts, 2013, 15, EGU2013-2658.
13. Pasyanos M. E., Masters G., Laske G., Ma Z. LITHO1.0 : An updated crust and lithospheric model of the Earth. Journal Geophysical Research, Solid Earth, 2014, v. 119, pp. 2153–2173. DOI
14. Mitrofanov F. P., Sharov N. V., Zagorodny V. G., Glaznev V. N., Korja A. Crustal structure of the Baltic shield along the Pechenga − Kostomuksha − Lovisa geotraverse. International Geology Review, 1998, v. 40, no 11, pp. 990–997. DOI
15. Arzamastsev A. A., Arzamastseva L. V., Zhirova A. M., Glaznev V. N. Model of formation of the Khibiny-Lovozero orebearing volcanic-plutonic complex. Geology of Ore Deposits, 2013, v. 55, no. 5, pp. 341–356. DOI
16. Glaznev V. N., Mints M. V., Muravina O. M. Plotnostnoe modelirovanie zemnoy cory chentalnoq tchasti Vostochno-Evropeiskoy platformy [Density modeling of the earth's crust of the central part of the Eastern European platform. Vestnik KRAUNTs. Ser.: Nauki o Zemle = The KRAUNZ Herald. Ser.: Earth Sciences, 2016, no. 1 (29), pp. 53–63. URL: URL
17. Mints M. V., Glaznev V. N., Muravina O. M. Deep structure of the southeast Voronezh crystal massif according to geophysical data: geodynamic evolution in the paleoproterozoic and modern state of the crust. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya = Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geology, 2017, no. 4, pp. 5–23. URL
18. Schluter T. Geological Atlas of Africa. Berlin. Springer. 2nd ed., 2008. 318 p. ISBN: 978-3-540-76324-6
19. Thieblemont D. (Ed.) et. al. Geological Map of Africa at 1:10M scale. CGMW-BRGM. South Africa. Cape Town. 2016. DOI
20. Begg G. C., Griffin W. L., Natapov L. M., O'Reilly S. Y., Grand S. P., O'Neill C. J., Hronsky J.M.A., Djomani Y. P., Swain C. J., Deen T., Bowden P. The lithospheric architecture of Africa: seismic tomography, mantle petrology and tectonic evolution. Geosphere, 2009, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 23–50. DOI
21. Jessell M. W., Begg G. C., Miller M. S. The Geophysical Signatures of the West African Craton. Precambrian Research, 2016, v. 274, no. 3, pp. 3–24. DOI
22. Liégeois J. P., Benhallou A., Azzouni-Sekkal A., Yahiaoui R., Bonin B. The Hoggar swell and volcanism : Reactivation of the Precambrian Tuareg shield during Alpine convergence and West African Cenozoic volcanism. Plates, plumes, and paradigms. Eds: Foulger G.R., Natland J.H., Anderson D.L. Geological Society of America, Special Paper, 2005, pp. 379–400. DOI
23. Black R., Liégeois J. P. Cratons, mobile belts, alkaline rocks and continental lithospheric mantle: The Pan-African testimony. Geological Society of London Journal, 1993, vol. 150, pp. 89–98. DOI
24. Fezaa N, Liégeois J.P, Abdallah N, Cherfouh E.H, De Waele B, Bruguier O, Ouabadi A. Late Ediacaran geological evolution (575– 555 Ma) of the Djanet Terrane, Eastern Hoggar, Algeria, evidence for a Murzukian intracontinental episode. Precambrian Research, 2010, vol. 180, pp. 299–327. DOI
25. Hugot G. A la recherche du Gondwana perdu aux origins du monde. France. Univ. Moutnpellier. 2004, 311 p. ISBN 2-84269-551-8
26. Soumaila A., Henry P., Garba Z., Rossi M. REE patterns, Nd-Sm and U-Pb ages of the metamorphic rocks of the Diagorou-Darbani greenstone belt (Liptako, SW Niger): implication for Birimian (Palaeoproterozoic) crustal genesis. Geological Society London, Special Publications, 2008, vol. 297, pp. 19–32. DOI
27. Permenter J. P., Oppenheimer C. Volcanoes of the Tibesti massif (Chad, northern Africa). Bulletin Volcanology, 2007, v, 69, pp. 609–626. DOI
28. Clermonté J., Yahaya M., Lang J., Oumarou J. Un bassin paléozoïque et mésozoïque en décrochement : le Tim Mersoï dans la région d'Arlit, à l'Ouest de l'Aïr (Niger). Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Série 2, 1991, t. 312, pp. 1189–1195
29. Guiraud R., Bellion Y., Benkhelil J., Moreau C. Post Hercynian tectonics in northern and western Africa. Geological Journal, 1987, vol. 22, pp. 433–466. DOI
30. Guiraud R., Maurin J.C. Early Cretaceous rifts of Western and Central Africa: an overview. Tectonophysics, 1992, vol. 213, pp. 153–168. DOI
31. Davidson L., Beswetherick S., Craig J., Eales M., Fisher A. et al. The structure, stratigraphy and petroleum geology of the Murzuq Basin, southwest Libya. Eds: D. Worsley, M.A. Sola. Geological Exploration in the Murzuq Basin. Elsevier Science, 2000, pp. 295–320. DOI
32. Globig J., Fernandez M., Torne M., Verges J., Robert A., Faccenna C. New insights into the crust and lithospheric mantle structure of Africa from elevation, geoid, and thermal analysis. Journal Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, 2016, vol. 121, pp. 5389–5424. DOI
33. Nataf H.C., Ricard Y. 3SMAC: An a priori tomographic model of the upper mantle based on geophysical modeling. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 1996, vol. 95, pp. 101–122. DOI
34. Bassin C., Laske G., Masters G. The current limits of resolution for surface wave tomography in North America. Eos Transaction AGU, 2000, vol. 81, F897. DOI
35. Pasyanos M.E., Nyblade A.A. A top to bottom lithospheric study of Africa and Arabia. Tectonophysics, 2007, vol. 444, pp. 27–44. DOI
36. Bagherbandi M., Sjoberg L.E. Modelling the density contrast and depth of the Moho discontinuity by seismic and gravimetric isostatic methods with an application to Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 2012, vol. 68, pp. 111–120. DOI
37. Tugume F., Nyblade A., Julia J., Van der Meijde M. Precambrian crustal structure in Africa and Arabia: Evidence lacking for secular variation. Tectonophysics, 2013, vol. 609, pp. 250–266. DOI
38. Reguzzoni M., Sampietro D., Sanso F. Global Moho from the combination of the CRUST2.0 model and GOCE data. Geophysical Journal International, 2013, vol. 195, no. 1, pp. 222–237. DOI
39. Thompson D. T. EULDPH: a new technique for making computer-assisted depth estimates from magnetic data. Geophysics, 1982, vol. 47, pp. 31–37. DOI
40. Tedla G.E., van der Meijde M., Nyblade A. A., van der Meer F.D. A crustal thickness map of Africa derived from a global gravity field model using Euler deconvolution. Geophysical Journal International, 2011, vol. 18, pp. 1–9. DOI
41. Reid A.B., Ebbing J., Webb S.J. Comment on “A crustal thickness map of Africa derived from a global gravity field model using Euler deconvolution” by Getachev E. Tedla, M. van der Meijde, A.A. Nyblade and F.D. van der Meer. Geophysical Journal International, 2012, vol. 189, pp. 1217–1222. DOI
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Опубликован
2020-12-01
Как цитировать
Глазнев, В. Н., & Якуба, И. А. (2020). Мощность земной коры территории Республики Нигер по данным стохастической интерпретации гравитационного поля. Вестник ВГУ. Серия: Геология, (4), 46-58. https://doi.org/10.17308/geology.2020.4/3126
Раздел
Геофизика
