On some terms associated with the concept “horse riding” in the udmurt language of the 18th century
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17308/lic/1680-5755/2023/3/128-137Keywords:
Udmurt language, written monument, handwritten dictionary, lexicology, vocabulary, thematic group, etymology, word historyAbstract
This article examines individual words of the Udmurt language of the 18th century related to the concept of "riding". The material of the study was lexical units recorded in the monuments of early Udmurt writing. To recreate a more complete history of the written fixation of these words, the author also refers to other lexicographic and other works created or published in the 19th–21st centuries. The relevance of the topic is determined by the current intensive study of individual groups of lexemes and insufficient interpretation of the lexical richness of the Udmurt language, which prevents acquaintance with the material and spiritual culture of the Udmurt people and the identification of economic and cultural ties between the Udmurts and other ethnic groups. The subject of the study is 5 terms registered in the written monuments of the Udmurt language, namely: val ‘horse’, vord'z'em val ‘riding horse’, s'ermet ‘bridle’, uz'engi ‘stirrup’ and en'er ‘saddle’. The linguistic analysis of the names, as well as the data of etymological research in various languages, made it possible to distribute the terms under consideration, according to their origin, into several groups: 1) the word val ‘horse’ is a legacy of the Finno-Ugric era; 2) vord'z'em ‘bridled’ is nothing but a neoplasm of the Proto-Permian period, where the stem of the word bar- was borrowed from the Iranian languages; 3) s'ermet ‘bridle’ is elevated to the Finno-Perm language-base; 4) uz'engi ‘stirrup’ and en'er ‘saddle’ are Turkic borrowings – the first one was adopted by the Udmurt language from Tatar, the second one – from Chuvash. Further study of Udmurt words in a similar vein can fi nd practical application for compiling historical dictionaries, monographic works, as well as textbooks on normative and historical lexicology for universities, the historical component of the historical and etymological dictionary of the Udmurt language.
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