Formation of knowledge economy in Russia – the state and prospect

Abstract

Importance: the movement of countries to the knowledge economy is conditioned by the increasing role of the latter in the formation of hightech industries, increasing labour productivity, productive use and building up of scientific potential. In this regard, the subject of this study is the dynamics of basic parameters of the knowledge economy, characterising its organisational, human resources and financial components from the point of view of the use of scientific potential, personnel and financial components from the point of view of the use of scientific potential of the country. of the country. Purpose: determination of dynamics and forecasting for the medium term the use and development of scientific potential of the country in the context of the formation of the knowledge economy. Research design: in the course of the research the following methods were used: monographic, economic-statistical and logical methods; correlationregression and comparative analysis. The generalisation of scientists’ positions with regard to the formation of the knowledge economy, applied in the study, allowed us to form a theoretical basis for the selection of basic indicators of the use of scientific potential of the country in the context of the formation of the knowledge economy. On the basis of correlationregression and comparative analysis, the data on the actual and projected dynamics of basic indicators of scientific potential were obtained. Results: theoretical and economic-statistical analysis of the dynamics of the basic indicators of the country’s scientific potential allowed us to establish the presence of contradictory trends during 2010-2022 and to propose options for forecasting their values in the medium term (up to 2027). It was found that positive dynamics is characteristic of the organisational (the number of organisations engaged in research and development) and financial (financing of civil science from the federal budget and internal expenditures on research and development) components. Negative processes are taking place in the staffing of the movement towards the knowledge economy – a reduction in the number of researchers, including those with academic degrees. Taking into account the length of time it takes to train research specialists, especially highly qualified personnel, this can be considered the weakest point from the point of view of the prospects for building up scientific and, in general, «knowledge» potential.