Твердофазные экстрагенты на основе углеродных нанотрубок для концентрирования благородных металлов из солянокислых сред
Аннотация
Разработаны эффективные твердофазные экстрагенты (ТФЭ) на основе многостенных углеродных нанотрубок (УНТ) различной структуры, модифицированных органическим реагентом – 2-меркаптобензотиазолом. С помощью сканирующей и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии определены морфологические и структурные особенности образцов ТФЭ и их элементный состав. Показано, что удельная поверхность модифицированных УНТ примерно в два раза ниже, по сравнению с исходными УНТ.
Выявлено, что модифицированные материалы представляют собой клубки УНТ, покрытых равномерной органической оболочкой толщиной 10-15 нм. Определена сорбционная способность исходных нанотрубок в 1.0 М HCl и их модифицированных форм (0.1-3.0M HCl) при комнатной температуре и при 80°C. Обнаружено, что в сильнокислых средах эффективен ТФЭ на основе УНТ G-183 и 2-меркаптобензотиазола, который при комнатной температуре сорбирует Pt, Pd и Au, а при температуре 80°С – также Ru и Rh. Оценена возможность селективного извлечения этим сорбентом металлов платиновой группы и золота в присутствии макроколичеств Al, Fe, Cu, Ca и Mg.
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