Ультратонкое золото в осадочном чехле Воронежской антеклизы
Ключевые слова:
Воронежская антеклиза, осадочный чехол, ультратонкое золото, золотины, элементы-примеси, интерметаллиды
Аннотация
Введение: Предыдущими исследованиями авторов установлено наличие ультратонкого золота (УТЗ) в осадочном чехле Воронежской антеклизы (ВА). За последние 15 лет при проведении ГДП-200 на территории антеклизы получены новые данные, рассмотренные в статье. Методика: Выделить частицы УТЗ размерностью в первые десятки микрометров удалось на обогатительных установках МКТС и ЦВК-100. Локальный рентгеноспектральный анализ элементного состава (микрозонд) проводился с помощью системы OXFORD INS. Часть проб исследовалась с помощью спектрозолотометрии в лабораториях ЦНИГРИ, ВГУ, ИМГРЭ, получена удовлетворительная сходимость между этими двумя методами. Всего проанализировано свыше 600 проб, 170 из них содержали УТЗ. Выделенные золотины изучались микроскопическими методами, а также рентгеноспектральными определениями элементного состава. Количество определений содержаний Au в золотинах составило порядка 300 анализов. Результаты исследований: Выявлены новые местонахождения УТЗ, локализованные на различных стратиграфических уровнях. Повышенное содержание Au обнаружено для верхней части осадочного чехла. Для выявленных местонахождений характерно совместное присутствие УТЗ и интерметаллидов. Максимальные концентрации УТЗ отмечаются в пределах участков с повышенной проницаемостью в зонах тектонических нарушений и на геохимических барьерах, представленных глинистыми и ожелезненными породами и фосфоритами. Обсуждение результатов: Геохимическими особенностями золотин является практически постоянное присутствие металлов платиновой группы (МПГ), серебра, свинца. Характерно высокое количество летучих элементов, из них преобладает ртуть. В интерметаллидах без золота резко преобладают Сu и Zn. В фосфоритах содержание золота неравномерно, в отдельных случаях достигает 0.4 г/т. Заключение: Анализ генетических особенностей УТЗ ВА уверенно позволяет относить его к эксгаляционно-осадочному типу, известному также в других регионах России и Мира. Собранные данные по УТЗ, его связь с эндогенными процессами и приуроченность к зонам тектонических нарушений позволили построить прогнозную карту поисков этого металла на территории ВА.
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Литература
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2. Shilo N. A. Uchenie o rossypyakh [The doctrine of placers]. Vladivostok, Dal'nauka publ., 2002. 576 p. (in Russ.).
3. Savko A. D., Shevyrev L. T. Ul'tratonkoe zoloto. [Ultra-fine gold]. Trudy Nauchno-issledovatel'skogo Instituta Geologii [The work of the Research Institute of Geology], Voronezh, VSU Publ., vol. 6, 2001. 151 p. (in Russ.).
4. Levinson A. A., Tailor R. S. Moon rocks and minerals. N.Y., Pergamon Press, 1971. 416 p. DOI
5. Okrugin A. V. Samorodnaya med' v bazitakh Sibirskoy platformy. [Native copper in the basites of the Siberian platform]. Samorodnye metally v izverzhennykh porodakh. Yakutsk, 1985. pp. 60–62. (in Russ.).
6. Koval'skiy V. V. Oleynikov O. B. Mineraly klassa samorodnykh elementov i intermetallidy v porodakh kimberlitovoy trubki Leningrad. [Minerals are a class of native elements and intermetallic compounds in the rocks of the Kimberley Leningrad]. Samorodnye metally v izverzhennykh porodakh. Yakutsk, 1985. pp. 62–72. (in Russ.).
7. Gamyanin G. N. Samorodnye metally i intermetallidy granitoidnykh rudnykh uzlov Severo-Vostoka SSSR. [Native metals and intermetallides of granitoid ore nodes of the North-East of the USSR]. Samorodnoe mineraloobrazovanie v magmaticheskom protsesse. Yakutsk, 1981. pp. 162–172. (in Russ.).
8. Shnyukov E. F., Lukin A. E. O samorodnykh elementakh v razlichnykh geoformatsiyakh Kryma i sopredel'nykh regionov. [On native elements in various geoformations of the Crimea and neighboring regions]. Geologiya i poleznye iskopaemye Mirovogo okeana – Geology and Mineral Resources of World Ocean, 2011, no. 2, pp. 5–30. (in Russ.).
9. Il'enok S. S. Samorodnye elementy v uglyakh i zolakh ugley Azeyskogo mestorozhdeniya Irkutskogo ugol'nogo basseyna. [Native elements in coals and coal ashes Azeysky deposits of the Irkutsk coal basin]. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta – Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. 2013, no. 1, pp. 65–71. (in Russ.).
10. Khazov A. F. Silaev V. I., Filipov V. N. Autigennaya mineralizatsiya v rechnykh rossypyakh kak prirodnyy nauchnyy fenomen. [Autigenic mineralization in river placers as a natural scientific phenomenon]. Izvestiya Komi nauchnogo tsentra URO RAN – Proceedings of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2010, no. 2, pp. 54–60. (in Russ.).
11. Ikonnikov N. N. Rossypnye produktivnye formatsii osadochnogo chekhla Russkoy plity. [Placer productive formations of the sedimentary cover of the Russian plate]. Mat. 8-go soveshchaniya po geologii rossypey [Materials of the eighth meeting on placer geology]. Kiev, 1987. pp. 249–251. (in Russ.).
12. Kenarev V. N., Leksikova R. P., Knyazeva N. V. Otchet o kompleksnykh poiskovykh rabotakh, vypolnennykh na Volchinskoy tsirkon-il'menitovoy rossypi v Lipetskoy oblasti v 1974–1976 gg. [Report on complex prospecting operations carried out at the Volchinskaya zircon-ilmenite placer in the Lipetsk region in 1974-1976.]. Fondy GGP «Lipetskgeologiya». Lipetsk, 1976. 132 p. (in Russ., unpublished).
13. Mitina E. M. Matveeva I. A., Pukhonin A. I. et al. Otchet o revizionno-poiskovykh rabotakh po otsenke perspektiv zolotonosnosti otlozheniy osadochnogo chekhla (Russkaya Zhvuravka) i kristallicheskikh porod fundamenta (Mamonskiy uchastok) na yugo-vostoke Voronezhskoy anteklizy. [Report on the revision and prospecting work to assess the prospects for gold content of sedimentary cover deposits (Russian Zhvuravka) and crystalline basement rocks (Mamonsky site) in the south-east of the Voronezh anteclise]. Fondy GGP «Voronezhgeologiya». Voronezh, 1973. (in Russ., unpublished).
14. Savko A. D. Shevyrev L. T., Il'yash V. V, Bozhko E. N. Zoloto i redkie mineraly v osadochnom chekhle Voronezhskoy anteklizy. [Gold and rare minerals in the sedimentary cover of the Voronezh anteclise]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya – Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geology, 1996, no. 1, pp. 133–138. (in Russ.).
15. Savko A. D. Shevyrev L. T., Il'yash V. V Okorokov V. A. Geokhimicheskie osobennosti i genezis zolota osadochnogo chekhla Voronezhskoy anteklizy. [Geochemical features and genesis of gold in the sedimentary cover of the Voronezh anteclise]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya – Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geology, 1996, no 2, pp. 86–95 (in Russ.).
16. Savko A. D., Shevyrev L. T., Loskutov V. V. Eksgalyatsionno-osadochnaya metallonosnost' Voronezhskoy anteklizy – novye gorizonty poiskov rudnykh mestorozhdeniy v osadochnom chekhle. St. 1. Intermetallidy, lokalizatsiya, sostav. [Exhalation-sedimentary metalliferous content of the Voronezh anteclise – new horizons for the search for ore deposits in the sedimentary cover. Article 1. Intermetallides, localization, composition]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya – Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geology, 1999, no. 7, pp. 139–154. (in Russ.).
17. Savko A. D., Shevyrev L. T. «Rasseyannyy rudogenez» – vklad v metallonosnost' osadochnykh tolshch, vozmozhnye geneticheskie tipy. ["Scattered ore-forming" – contribution to the metalliferous content of sedimentary strata, possible genetic types]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya = Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geology, 2006, no. 1, pp. 55–68. (in Russ.).
18. Savko A. D., Shevyrev L. T. Geokhimicheskie osobennosti ul'tratonkogo zolota i intermetallidov iz osadochnogo chekhla Voronezhskoy anteklizy. [Geochemical features of ultrathin gold and intermetallides from the sedimentary cover of the Voronezh anteclise]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. geologiya I razvedka – Proceedings of Higher Educational Establishments: Geology and Exploration. 2010, no. 5, pp. 14–21. (in Russ.).
19. Litovchenko N. I. Otchet o rezul'tatakh rabot po ob"ektu «Izuchenie vskryshnykh porod Ukolovskogo mestorozhdeniya fosforitov s tsel'yu ikh ispol'zovaniya v narodnom khozyaystve». [Report on the results of work on the object "Study of overburden rocks of the Ukolovsky phosphorite deposit for the purpose of their use in the national economy”]. Tul'skoe NIGP. Kursk, 2001 г. (in Russ., unpublished).
20. Chernyshov N. M. Novyy tip zoloto-platinometal'nogo orudeneniya v stratifitsirovannykh chernoslantsevykh kompleksakh KMA (zakonomernosti razmeshcheniya, mineralogogeokhimicheskie osobennosti i geologo-geneticheskaya model' formirovaniya). [A new type of gold-platinum-metal mineralization in stratified black shale complexes of the KMA (regularities of placement, mineralogical and geochemical features, and geological and genetic model of formation)]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya – Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geology, 1996, no. 1, pp. 114–132. (in Russ.).
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Опубликован
2021-04-01
Как цитировать
Черешинский, А. В., Шевырев, Л. Т., & Савко, А. Д. (2021). Ультратонкое золото в осадочном чехле Воронежской антеклизы. Вестник ВГУ. Серия: Геология, (1), 4-25. https://doi.org/10.17308/geology.2021.1/3334
Выпуск
Раздел
Палеонтология, литология, стратиграфия
