A refined phase diagram of the GeTe-Bi2Te3 system

Turkan M. Alakbarova; Hans-Jürgen Meyer; Elnur N. Orujlu; Mahammad B. Babanly

doi:10.17308/kcmf.2022.24/9050

Turkan M. Alakbarova Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, 16/21 Azadlıq ave., Baku AZ-1010, Azerbaijan; Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4913-4520
Hans-Jürgen Meyer Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2450-4011
Elnur N. Orujlu Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry after M.Nagiev of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 113, H. Javid ave., Baku, Az1143, Azerbaijan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8955-7910
Mahammad B. Babanly Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry after M.Nagiev of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 113, H. Javid ave., Baku, Az1143, Azerbaijan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5962-3710

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2022.24/9050

Keywords: Germanium-bismuth tellurides, Phase diagram, Layered tetradymite-like structures, Solid solutions

Abstract

Updated phase diagram of the GeTe–Bi₂Te₃ system was constructed using differential thermal, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results of alloys synthesized with specially developed technology. The refined version significantly differs from those reported so far. The presented phase diagram reflects six ternary compounds: Ge₄Bi₂Te₇, Ge₃Bi₂Te₆, Ge₂Bi₂Te₅, GeBi₂Te₄, GeBi₄Te₇, and GeBi₆Te₁₀.
The study determined that the first two compounds are formed as a result of solid-state reactions at temperatures of 750–800 K, and the latter four are formed as a result of peritectic reactions at 863, 854, 848, and 843 K, respectively. Wide homogeneity regions based on the initial binary compounds were also found. These regions reach 10 mol% at room temperature. The coordinates of eutectic point are 83 mol% Bi₂Te₃ and 838 K. It crystallises at 838 К. It was found that all the identified ternary compounds crystallise in a tetradymite-like layered structure. Ge₄Bi₂Te₇, Ge₃Bi₂Te₆, Ge₂Bi₂Te₅, and GeBi₂Te₄ compounds belong to the nGeTe·Bi₂Te₃ homologous series. Their crystal lattices are formed by the insertion of GeTe bilayers into the quintuple Bi₂Te₃ layers. GeBi₄Te₇ and GeBi₆Te₁₀ compounds are representatives of the GeTe·mBi₂Te₃
homologous series and have a mixed-layer structure. The parameters of the crystal lattices of the compounds were determined by the Rietveld method based on their powder diffraction data.

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Author Biographies

Turkan M. Alakbarova, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, 16/21 Azadlıq ave., Baku AZ-1010, Azerbaijan; Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany

Postdoctoral student, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University (Baku, Azerbaijan).

Hans-Jürgen Meyer, Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany

Professor, Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen (Tübingen, Germany).

Elnur N. Orujlu, Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry after M.Nagiev of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 113, H. Javid ave., Baku, Az1143, Azerbaijan

Postdoctoral Student, Research Fellow, Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (Baku, Azerbaijan).

Mahammad B. Babanly, Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry after M.Nagiev of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 113, H. Javid ave., Baku, Az1143, Azerbaijan

DSc in Chemistry, Professor, Associate Member of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Deputy-director of the Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku State University (Baku, Azerbaijan).

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