The effect of the composition of the reaction medium on the structure and sorption properties of mesoporous silica
Abstract
Ordered mesoporous silicas can be used as effective adsorbents for the extraction and purification of substances with varying polarity. It was demonstrated earlier that such materials are promising for the extraction and concentration of polyphenols. However, the effect of the synthesis conditions on the sorption properties of silicas has not been thoroughly studied yet. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of the conditions of silica synthesis (МСМ-41 and SBA-15 analogues) on their sorption of polyphenols.
The article suggests synthesis methods of mesoporous silica using the sol-gel method with various sources of silicates, the nature of the template, and the temperature of the sol formation. It also considers the influence of the composition of the ethanol-water solvent and quercetin additives on the micelle formation of templates as well as the structure and properties of the ordered silicas obtained by means of hydrothermal assisted sol-gel synthesis.
Low-temperature adsorption-desorption of nitrogen and IR spectroscopy were used to study the effect of the quercetin additives on the structure and porosity of the SBA-15, МСМ-41, and МСМ-48 synthetic analogues. The study demonstrated that the molecules of polyphenol additives have a structure-forming and ordering effect on the sorption properties towards flavonoids. An increase in the temperature of hydrothermal treatment results in the formation of a silica matrix with a narrow pore-size distribution, the surface area of over 1500 m2/g and the pore volume of over 1.0 cm3/g. A higher degree of order and maximum specific surface area and pore volume is obtained by hydrothermal sol-gel synthesis of МСМ-41 analogues in the presence of polyphenols and ethanol during the sol formation.
In our study, we considered the sorption of quercetin, +(-)catechin, and naringin on synthesised materials under stationary conditions. The sorption properties of the silicas were compared to their structure and the nature of the sorption centres. The synthesis of ordered materials based on the use of a nonionic template does not result in changes in the sorption capacity at different temperatures of sol formation and with different sources of silicon oxide. There are also no changes in sorption capacity when the specific surface area of the silica changes. The sorption capacity is mostly affected by the nature of the sorption centres and their hydration.
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References
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