Composite membranes MF-4SK/polyaniline for potentiometric determination of tetracaine in aqueous solutions
Abstract
The high efficiency of the local anesthetic tetracaine hydrochloride determines the relevance of the development of methods for its determination in various environments. In this paper, for the organization of potentiometric sensors for the determination of tetracaine cations, it is proposed to use perfluorinated sulfocation exchange membranes MF-4SK, in the pores of which polyaniline (PANI) is present. The effect of the concentration of precursors used for oxidative polymerization, the sequence of membrane treatment with precursor solutions and methods of membrane synthesis on the characteristics of sensors in aqueous tetracaine solutions has been studied. It has been established that high sensitivity of sensors to tetracaine cations (49.7-74.4 mV/pc) is observed when using MF-4SK/PANI membranes obtained by in situ method. Compared with unmodified membranes and composite membranes obtained by casting, these samples are characterized by an increase in selectivity to cations, contributing to an increase in the sensitivity of sensors to them. Modification of membranes by treatment with an oxidizer solution after converting them into the form of monomer cations leads to partial blocking of sulfogroups in the near-surface layer of the membrane, which provides a lower sensitivity of sensors to analyte cations compared to samples obtained using the opposite sequence of treatment with precursor solutions. The relative error in determining tetracaine cations in aqueous solutions at different pH using the developed sensor based on a composite membrane was 0.11-6% (with a relative standard deviation of 5-17%), the detection limit was 1.1·10-5 M. A re-evaluation of the calibration characteristics of the developed sensor did not show statistically significant differences after a year of its use, subject to the recommended operating and storage conditions. The developed sensor can be recommended for the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations containing tetracaine hydrochloride as an active substance, and can also be used as part of multisensory systems for the analysis of preparations containing combinations of tetracaine hydrochloride with other active substances.
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