Determination of hydrogen sulfide in the air with a semiconductor sensor based on indium oxide
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide is a toxic gas that can get into the air during the extraction of oil and natural gas, in metallurgical industries, as well as during the storage and processing of man-made and household waste. Determination of hydrogen sulphide in the atmosphere is an urgent task of analytical chemistry. For the continuous monitoring of hydrogen sulphide content in low-accessibility areas, such well-known methods as chromatography or mass spectrometry are not suitable, therefore, a practical task of the production of an inexpensive chemical sensor with sufficiently high sensitivity and selectivity appeared. In our study, we synthesized gas sensitive materials based on In2O3 with catalytic additives – palladium (which is contained mainly in the form of PdO) and silver (mainly in the form of Ag2O). The synthesis was carried out in several stages, the first stage included the preparation of In(OH)3 sol. After centrifugation, the heat treatment of indium hydroxide was carried out, as a result of which indium oxide nanopowder was obtained. The resulting material was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray phase analysis. Subsequently, the indium oxide nanopowder was mixed with catalytic additives and a binder to form a paste. The gas-sensitive material was obtained by annealing of the paste at a temperature of 750оС.
The sensory properties of gas-sensitive materials with respect to hydrogen sulphide and carbon monoxide under non-stationary temperature conditions - heating to a temperature of 450оС for 2 seconds and cooling to a temperature of 100оС for 13 seconds were investigated. It was shown that materials based on nanodispersed indium oxide have a high sensitivity to hydrogen sulphide, as well as high selectivity.
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References
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