Sorption of nitrite ions from aqueous solutions by acrylate hydrogels
Abstract
Acrylate hydrogels, highly hydrated net structures, are promising materials used for the sorption of pollutants. They can effectively absorb water, and are characterised by high mechanical strength and chemical stability. Hydrogels based on copolymers of acrylamide and sodium/potassium acrylate (commercial samples Agrikola (China) and Schastlivyi Dachnik (Russian Federation)) and graft copolymers of chitosan, acrylic acid, and acrylamide were used for the sorption of nitrite ions from aqueous solutions. The concentration of nitrite ions was determined photometrically using the Griess test. The following conditions for the sorption of nitrite ions were determined: рН 4 (the recovery rate depends on the surface charge of the adsorbent and sorbate), and the phase contact time was 160 minutes, during which the maximum adsorption capacity was 19.2-114.9 mg/g depending on the nature of the sorbent. The dependence of the sorption rate of nitrite ions on the phase contact time was approximated by pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models. The pseudo-second-order model better describes the sorption kinetics (r2 = 0.981-0.993) and allowed us to assume that the process has a chemisorption mechanism (ion exchange). Sorption isotherms were approximated using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. According to IUPAC, they belong to the first type. Based on the analysis of Langmuir isotherms (r2 = 0.978-0.995) we came to the conclusion that nitrite ions are distributed in the system aqueous solution/hydrogel due to the sorption on independent active centres of copolymers. The limiting adsorption of nitrite ions can depend on the structure of the polymer framework of sorbents, which in turn is determined by the synthesis method and the nature of polar groups.
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