Adsorption capacity of natural clays of the Orenburg Region
Abstract
In our study, we determined the main adsorption characteristics of three samples of natural clays obtained in the Orenburg Region. The clays had different chemical and mineralogical compositions. We analysed the sorption of chromium ions Cr3+ from model solutions with concentrations from 200 to 350 mg/dm3. We used both native solutions and solutions activated with acid processing and a MW field.
The best adsorption properties were demonstrated by the sample of a polymineral complex (16.49 mg/g). Montmorillonite clay also demonstrated a good adsorption capacity of 15.55 mg/g. The adsorption capacity of polymineral clay was 12.73 mg/g. Activation of sorption properties with a 10% sulphuric acid solution and MW irradiation for 5 minutes at the power of 450 W did not affect the adsorption capacity of the adsorbents: 1 – polymineral complex, 2 – montmorillonite clay, 3 – polymineral clay. At the same time, particles of the polymineral complex and polymineral clay are better activated with a MW field, while montmorillonite clay particles are better activated with sulphuric acid.
Acid activation results in changes in the structure of clay minerals, with sodium and calcium exchangeable cations being released into the solution. The specific surface and the pore volume increase, which enhances the sorption properties of the studied natural clays.
The MW field quickly heats natural clays. The energy is mostly absorbed by water particles in the structural matrix. They are desorbed both from the surface and from the interlayer spaces, releasing active adsorption centres, which enhances the adsorption properties.
The obtained results demonstrate that natural clays of the Orenburg Region have good sorption properties with regard to chromium ions, which can be further enhanced by chemical and physical processing.
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