Electrical conductivity and diffusion permeability of anion exchange membranes in solutions of sodium chloride and succinic acid
Abstract
The physico-mechanical and transport characteristics of heterogeneous anion exchange membranes Ralex AMH Pes and MA-41, and homogeneous anion exchange membrane AHT in solutions of sodium chloride and succinic acid are investigated. Analysis of the data reveals that the moisture content of the anion exchange membranes Ralex AMH Pes and MA-41 in succinic acid form is two times lower than in Cl- form, and 3.6 times lower for the AHT membrane. This difference is attributed to the higher hydration and larger effective radius of chloride anions compared to succinate anions. Analysis of the data obtained in sodium chloride solutions within the framework of the microheterogenic model showed that the proportion of interhelic gaps in heterogeneous electrodialysis membranes Ralex AMH Pes and MA-41 is 0.12 and 0.15, respectively, while the proportion of interhelic in the ANT membrane is two times less and is 0.06, which explains its low diffusion permeability. The parameter α, reflecting the relative arrangement of conductive and non-conductive phases in all membranes, is approximately 0.3, suggesting a disordered arrangement of the gel and inter-gel phases. It is observed that in succinic acid solutions, the concentration-dependent behavior of the specific electrical conductivity of anion-exchange membranes deviates from the typical trend seen in solutions of strong electrolytes. This deviation is attributed to variations in pH and ionic composition within the membrane compared to the external solution. The concentration-dependent trend of the integral coefficient of diffusion permeability of anion-exchange membranes in succinic acid solution shows a decreasing pattern. This trend is explained by the pH shift towards a more alkaline region within the homogeneous membrane upon dilution of the external solution, leading to an equilibrium shift towards the formation of a two-charge form. With an increase in the proportion of double-charged ions in the membrane phase, an increase in electrostatic forces capable of attracting ions of the opposite charge sign occurs, thus, an increase in the concentration of co-ions in the membrane phase occurs. This effect leads to an increase in the rate of diffusion transfer of the succinic acid molecule with a decrease in its concentration in the working solution.
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