Activity of CoFe2O4@C composite materials based on biochar in water purification processes from 2,4-dinitrophenol
Abstract
Composites with nanosized magnetic ferrites with spinel structure are attracting increasing attention as functional materials for catalysis and sorption. The advantage of such catalysts and sorbents is determined by their thermal stability, chemical resistance in aggressive environments, large specific surface area, high saturation magnetization, which allows creating magnetically controlled materials with adsorption-catalytic activity on their basis, extracted from the aqueous medium by magnetic separation methods. Composite materials CF@C400, CF@C500, CF@C600 based on carbons obtained by carbonization of birch sawdust no more than 1 mm in size at temperatures of 400, 500, 600 °C and nanosized cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 with spinel structure were synthesized by the citrate combustion method. The X-ray phase analysis method revealed the presence of nanosized crystallites of spinel CoFe2O4 in all composite materials. The average size of coherent scattering regions of cobalt ferrite particles, calculated using the Debye-Scherrer formula, is 18±4 nm in the CF@C400 composite; 16±4 nm in the CF@C500 composite and 17±4 nm in the CF@C600 composite. The infrared spectroscopy method revealed the presence of a number of functional groups on the surface of coals (–OH, –CH2, =O , C=C, –CH3). High adsorption and catalytic activity of CoFe2O4@C composites was established in the process of purifying an aqueous solution from 2.4-dinitrophenol (DNP) with a concentration of 0.15 g/l under ultraviolet irradiation. Differentiation of oxidation and sorption of 2.4-dinitrophenol on composite materials CF@C400, CF@C500, CF@C600 was carried out. The sorption capacity of the composites with respect to DNP decreases in the series CF@C500 > CF@C600 > CF@C400. The total degree of purification for composites CF@C400, CF@C500, CF@C600 is 96, 97 and 96%, respectively.
Composite materials synthesized on the basis of wood processing waste provide high degrees of water purification from 2.4-dinitrophenol, which allows considering them as promising materials for wastewater treatment processes.
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