New heat-resistant porous polymer sorbents – polynaphthalenebenzimidazoles for gas chromatographic separation and concentration of volatile substances
Abstract
The results of a study of polymers of polynaphthylenebenzimidazoles synthesized by the interaction of 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride with 3, 3' ,4, 4'- tetraaminodiphenyloxide (PNBI-1), 3, 3', 4, 4'- tetraaminodiphenyl (PNBI-2), 3, 3', 4,4',-tetraaminodiphenylsulfone (PNBI-3) and 3, 3', 4, 4',- tetraaminobenzophenone (PNBI-4) as heat-resistant porous polymer sorbents for gas chromatographic separation and concentration of volatile organic and inorganic compounds with a boiling point from -56 to +400°C. Temperature limit for the use of PNBI sorbents-1-4 480-500°C, specific surface area 20-30 m2/g.
It is advisable to use PNBI-1-4 for gas chromatographic separation of organic compounds. They are characterized by increased selectivity for the separation of isomeric, cyclic and linear compounds, unsaturated and saturated compounds with an equal number of carbon atoms in the molecule. The selectivity of PNBI for the separation of pairs of isomeric or cyclic compounds is 3-17 times higher than the selectivity of tenax GC sorbent, and the selectivity of PNBI for the separation of pairs of unsaturated and saturated compounds is 2-25 times higher than the selectivity of tenax GC sorbent and polysorbimide-1 sorbent. PNBI-1-4 can be used to separate mixtures of isomeric compounds, cyclic and linear compounds. The earlier elution of cyclic compounds in comparison with compounds of normal structure distinguishes the studied PNBI sorbents from most known sorbents and makes it possible to determine the impurities of cyclic compounds in compounds of normal structure.
Water elutes on the PNBI with a narrow symmetrical peak, which makes it possible to use these sorbents to determine water impurities in various mixtures. Complete separation of air, CO and CO2 in gas mixtures is observed on these sorbents.
Heat-resistant PNBI-1-4 are promising sorbents for the development of new methods for gas chromatographic analysis and concentration of trace amounts of organic substances released during sanitary and chemical assessment in natural and simulated operating conditions of wood and composite materials, polymer building and composite materials based on polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, carbamide, melamine- and phenol-formaldehyde resins. Chromatographic analysis of trace amounts of formaldehyde, methanol, and phenol shows that when concentrated on PNBI-3, formaldehyde does not chemically interact with phenol and both substances are detected on the same chromatographic column; this reduces the analysis time by 2-3 times compared with separate concentration on the sorbent polychrome-3 phenol, and on the sorbent is polyphenylquinoxaline of formaldehyde and methanol.
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