Sorption of cephalosporin antibiotics by molecularly imprinted polymers
Abstract
In recent years, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have attracted much attention due to their ability to selectively recognize and sorb target molecules. However, the adsorption efficiency of MIPs depends on many factors during the synthesis process. Therefore, it is necessary to study the adsorption abilities of molecularly imprinted polymers. In this work, polymers with a molecular imprint of the antibiotics ceftriaxone sodium (Ceftr) and cefazolin sodium (Cef) were obtained. These polymers were obtained by rearrangement and imidization of polyacid chains in N,N-dimethylformamide in the presence of antibiotic molecules as templates. Direct conductometry was used to evaluate their sorption capacity. Sorption isotherms of both antibiotics are of the L type, which is characteristic of monomolecular sorption. Strong interaction of the polymer with antibiotics leads to rapid filling of pores even at low concentrations. It is noteworthy that in the initial region of the isotherm, the amount of the sorbed substance increases linearly with increasing concentration of the solution. As the concentration further increases, the sorption process reaches saturation, which indicates the maximum sorption level. Analysis of the sorption kinetics curves showed that the equilibrium time for ceftriaxone sodium is 40 minutes, and for cefazolin sodium – 55 minutes. Despite the absence of target Ceftr and Cef molecules during the synthesis of non-imprinted polymer (NP), it is able to retain substances due to functional monomers that form hydrogen bonds with these substances on the polymer surface. However, due to the lack of molecular imprinting, antibiotic molecules are only partially retained on the NP surface, which reduces its sorption capacity compared to MIP. The maximum sorption values for MIP-Ceftr and MIP-Cef reach 5.15 and 13.05 mg/g, respectively. Of particular interest is the comparison of the sorption capacity of MIP-Cef and MIP-Ceftr. MIP-Cef has better sorption capacity compared to MIP-Ceftr.
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