The concept of diffusion of gel in the kinetics of swelling (deswelling) of ion exchangers
Abstract
The problem of the swelling (deswelling) of beads of ion exchanger, in which the process is presented as the "diffusive" motion of polymer chains in an external liquid phase. The concept of diffusion gel was previously developed and used for describing the kinetics of swelling (shrinking) of hydrophilic gels, but for ion-exchange resins have not been applied. Theoretical consideration of the problem is presented, based on the macrokinetic concepts commonly used in modeling of sorption and ion exchange processes. The solution, which determines the kinetics of change of the radius of the spherical particles, is similar to the wellknown solution for interpartical kinetics of sorption of substances by a spherical bead of constant size from a solution of constant composition. Instead of the diffusion coefficient of the substance in the bead this solution includes a factor determined by the moduli of elastic and shear deformation of the polymer, and by the friction coefficient between the polymer network and the liquid. Consequently, this coefficient is called diffusion coefficient of the gel. The results of the comparison between theory and experimental data on the swelling of the beads of the polymethacrylic ion exchanger in Ca in the form of a 0.1 N solution СаCl2.
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