Methods for characterisation of reversed-phase chromatographic packings (review)
Keywords:
reversed-phase packings, endcapping, hydrophobicity, residual silanol activity, shape selectivity, hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance, chemometric treatment of data.
Abstract
Test procedures for reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic packings,
published in 1990 – 2012, are reviewed. Some works, concerning the most important problems of this
issue, correspond to more recent period. In this review the physical and chemical, chromatographic
methods of investigation and approaches to stability evaluation are presented. There is no a universal test
for reversed phases evaluation and each method has his own peculiarities and field of application. This
area has great scientific and practical importance and one should expect its development in future.
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References
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2004. V. 1060. N. 1–2. P. 23–41.
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performance liquid chromatography: Some possible approaches for improved separations.
Review // J. Chromatogr. A. 2010. V. 1217. N. 6. P. 858–880.
7. Snyder L.R., Dolan J.W., Carr P.W. The hydrophobic-subtraction model of reversedphase
column selectivity. Review // J. Chromatogr. A. 2004. V. 1060. N. 1–2. P. 77–116.
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Chromatogr. A. 1997. V. 779. N. 1–2. P. 29–71.
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phases: I. Dual retention mechanism in reversed-phase chromatography // J. Chromatogr.
A. 1981. V. 203. P. 53–63.
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hydrocarbonaceous stationary phases II. Irregular retention behavior and effect of silanol
masking // J. Chromatogr. A. 1981. V. 203. P. 65–84.
11. Scholten A.B., Claessens H.A., de Haan J.W., Cramers C.A. Chromatographic
activity of residual silanols of alkylsilane derivatized silica surfaces // J. Chromatogr. A.
1997. V. 759. N. 1–2. P. 37–46.
12. Bereznitski Y., Jaroniec M., Gangoda M.E. Characterization of silica-based octyl
phases of different bonding density Part II. Studies of surface properties and
chromatographic selectivity // J. Chromatogr. A. 1998. V. 828. N. 1–2. P. 59–73.
13. Sunseri J. D., Cooper W.T., Dorsey J.G. Reducing residual silanol interactions in
reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Thermal treatment of silica before derivatization //
J. Chromatogr. A. 2003. V. 1011. N. 1–2. P. 23–29.
14. Pesek J.J., Matyska M.T., Yu R.J. Synthesis and characterization of endcapped C18
stationary phases using a silica hydride intermediate // J. Chromatogr. A. 2002. V. 947. N.
2. P. 195–203.
15. Carrara C., Lopez C., Caldarelli S. Chromatographic-nuclear magnetic resonance can
provide a prediction of high-pressure liquid chromatography shape selectivity tests // J.
Chromatogr. A. 2012. V. 1257. P. 204–207.
16. Buszewski B., Bocian Sz., Felinger A. Excess isotherms as a new way for
characterization of the columns for reversed-phase liquid chromatography // J.
Chromatogr. A. 2008. V. 1191. N. 1–2. P. 72–77.
17. Srinivasan G., Meyer C., Welsch N., Albert K., Müller K. Influence of synthetic
routes on the conformational order and mobility of C18 and C30 stationary phases // J.
Chromatogr. A. 2006. V. 1113. N. 1–2. P. 45–54.
18. Kohler J., Kirkland J.J. Improved silica-based column packings for high-performance
liquid chromatography // J. Chromatogr. 1987. V. 385. P. 125–150.
19. Doyle C.A., Vickers T.J., Mann C.K., Dorsey J.G. Characterization of C18- bonded
liquid chromatographic stationary phases by Raman spectroscopy: the effect of mobile
phase composition // J. Chromatogr. A. 2000. V. 877. N. 1–2. P. 25–39.
20. Pemberton J.E., Ho M., Orendorff C.J., Ducey M.W. Raman spectroscopy of
octadecylsilane stationary phase conformational order. Effect of solvent // J. Chromatogr.
A. 2001. V. 913. N. 1–2. P. 243–252.
21. Doyle C. A. , Vickers T.J., Mann C.K., Dorsey J.G. Characterization of C18-bonded
liquid chromatographic stationary phases by Raman spectroscopy: the effect of
temperature // J. Chromatogr. A. 2000. V. 877. N. 1–2. P. 41–59.
22. Doyle C. A. , Vickers T.J., Mann C.K., Dorsey J.G. Characterization of C18-bonded
liquid chromatographic stationary phases by Raman spectroscopy. Effect of ligand type //
J. Chromatogr. A. 1997. V. 779. N. 1–2. P. 91–112.
23. Lumley B., Khong T.M., Perrett D. The characterisation of chemically bonded
chromatographic stationary phases by thermogravimetry // Chromatographia. 2004. V. 60.
N. 1/2. P. 59–62.
24. Ashu-Arrah B.A., Glennon J.D., Albert K. Synthesis, characterisation and
chromatographic evaluation of pentafluorophenyl and phenyl bonded silica phases
prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide as a reaction solvent // J. Chromatogr. A. 2013.
V. 1273. P. 34–43.
25. Schmidt I., Minceva M., Arlt W. Selection of stationary phase particle geometry
using X-ray computed tomography and computational fluid dynamics simulations // J.
Chromatogr. A. 2012. V. 1225. P. 141–149.
26. Sander L.C., Wise S.A. Shape selectivity in reversed-phase liquid chromatography
for the separation of planar and non-planar solutes // J. Chromatogr. A. 1993. V. 656. N. 1–
2. P. 335–351.
27. Ottaviani M. F., Leonardis I., Cappiello A., Cangiotti M., Mazzeo R., Trufelli H.,
Palma P. Structural modifications and adsorption capability of C18-silica/binary solvent
interphases studied by EPR and RP-HPLC // J. Coll. Interface Sci. 2010. V. 352. N. 2. P.
512–519.
28. Liu Y., Grinberg N., Thompson K.C., Wenslow R.M., Neue U.D., Morrison D.,
Walter T.H., O’Gara J.E., Wyndham K.D. Evaluation of a C18 hybrid stationary phase
using high-temperature chromatography // Analyt. Chim. Acta. 2005. V. 554. N. 1–2. P.
144–151.
29. Buszewski B., Bocian S., Rychlicki G., Vajda P., Felinger A. Study of solvent
adsorption on chemically bonded stationary phases by microcalorimetry and liquid
chromatography // J. Coll. Interface Sci. 2010. V. 349. N. 2. P. 620–625.
30. Gritti F., Kazakevich Y.V., Guiochon G. Effect of the surface coverage of endcapped
C18-silica on the excess adsorption isotherms of commonly used organic solvents from
water in reversed phase liquid chromatography // J. Chromatogr. A. 2007. V. 1169. N. 1–2.
P. 111–124.
31. Guan-Sajonz H., Guiochon G. Effect of packing pressure on the performance of C18
reversed-phase liquid chromatographic columns // J. Chromatogr. A. 1996. V. 743. N. 2. P.
247–259.
32. Рудаков О.Б., Рудакова Л.В. Гидрофобно-гидрофильный баланс жидкостных
хроматографических систем // Бутлеровские сообщения. 2011. Т.24. №2. С. 22–32.
33. McCalley D.V., Brereton R.G. High-performance liquid chromatography of basic
compounds. Problems, possible solutions and tests of reversed-phase columns // J.
Chromatogr. A. 1998. V. 828. N. 1–2. P. 407–420.
34. Euerby M.R., Petersson P. Chromatographic classification and comparison of
commercially available reversed-phase liquid chromatographic columns using principal
component analysis // J. Chromatogr. A. 2003. V. 994. N. 1–2. P. 13–36.
35. Visky D., Vander H.Y., Iványi T., Baten P., De Beerc J., Kovács Z., Noszál B., Roets
E., Massart D.L., Hoogmartens J. Characterisation of reversed-phase liquid
chromatographic columns by chromatographic tests. Evaluation of 36 test parameters:
repeatability, reproducibility and correlation // J. Chromatogr. A. 2002. V. 977. N. 1. P.
39–58.
36. Jandera P., Novotná K., Beldean-Galea M.S., Jísa K. Retention and selectivity tests
of silica-based and metal-oxide bonded stationary phases for RP-HPLC // J. Sep. Sci. 2006.
V. 29. N. 6. P. 856–871.
37. Jandera P., Bunceková S., Halama M., Novotná K., Nepras M. Naphthalene
sulphonic acids – new test compounds for characterization of the columns for reversedphase
chromatography // J. Chromatogr. A. 2004. V. 1059. N. 1–2. P. 61–72.
38. Gritti F., Guiochon G. Effect of the density of the C18 surface coverage on the
adsorption mechanism of a cationic compound and on the silanol activity of the stationary
phase in reversed phase liquid chromatography // J. Chromatogr. A. 2006. V. 1132. N. 1–2.
P. 51–66.
39. Méndez A., Bosch E., Rosés M., Neue U.D. Comparison of the acidity of residual
silanol groups in several liquid chromatography columns // J. Chromatogr. A. 2003. V.
986. N. 1. P. 33–44.
40. Herrero-Martínez J.M., Méndez A., Bosch E., Rosés M. Characterization of the
acidity of residual silanol groups in microparticulate and monolithic reversed-phase
columns // J. Chromatogr. A. 2004. V. 1060. N. 1–2. P. 135–145.
41. Marín A., Barbas C. Systematic comparison of different functionality columns for a
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Published
2019-11-21
How to Cite
Golubitckiy, G. B. (2019). Methods for characterisation of reversed-phase chromatographic packings (review). Sorbtsionnye I Khromatograficheskie Protsessy, 13(4). Retrieved from https://journals.vsu.ru/sorpchrom/article/view/1657
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