Physicochemical characteristics and mechanism of sorption of some metal ions from aqueous solutions by aluminosilicate
Abstract
The subject of the study was the investigation of the possibility of sorption concentration and the isolation of some toxic metals from aqueous solutions for the subsequent solution of a number of environmental problems associated with the purification of natural and waste waters from the ions of these heavy metals.
The aim of this study was systematic study of the sorption of Pb(II), Zn(II), Hg(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and As(III) by natural aluminosilicate from aqueous solutions, to determine the chemistry of the processes and its thermodynamic characteristics.
In the study the sorption capacity of natural aluminosilicate in relation to Pb(II), Zn(II), Hg(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and As(III) was systematically investigated. The optimal conditions for the sorption of these elements from aqueous solutions were determined: the acidity of the medium and the phase contact time. It is shown that the degree of extraction of Cd(II), Hg(II), and As(III) from model aqueous solutions under optimal acidity of the medium was >95%, for Zn(II) and Ni(II) this parameter was 85-89%, and for Pb(II) it was ~64%. Sorp-tion equilibrium in the "sorbent-element" system was established in 20-25 min (zinc, nickel, arsenic) and 60-70 min (mercury). In the studied range of metal concentrations, sorption isotherms were plotted, which can be attributed to the Langmuir type. The sorption capacity of the mineral ranged from 12.0 mg/g for Hg(II) to 38.9 mg/g for As(III). The distribution coefficients under optimal conditions of metal sorption reach ~n⋅103. The change in the Gibbs energy during sorption was in the range from -19.8 kJ/mol to -24.8 kJ/mol. Based on the IR spectroscopy data, an assumption about the chemistry of the process based on ion exchange was made.
The obtained results are of interest for laboratories and organisations dealing with environmental tech-nologies, as well as for the sorption concentration and separation of metals from objects with complex chemical compositions
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References
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