Selection of anion-exchange membrane for separation of phenylalanine and sodium chloride by neutralization dialysis
Abstract
In the microbiological synthesis of phenylalanine, the resulting mixtures, waste and wash waters of production, in addition to the target component, also contain residues of the nutrient medium, such as salt and sugar. For isolation of amino acids from a mixture with sugars and mineral electrolytes, ion exchange and membrane technologies are used.
Neutralization dialysis is a membrane process of deionization of solutions based on the principle of Donnan dialysis, using both cation-exchange and anion-exchange membranes and accompanied by a neutrali-zation reaction. In this work, the possibility was investigated of demineralizing a phenylalanine solution by neutralization dialysis using a MK-40 heterogeneous cation-exchange membrane and MA-40 and MA-41 an-ion-exchange membranes of different base strengths. It was found that the most effective separation occurs if the acidity index of the demineralized solution corresponds to the isoelectric point of the amino acid, when it exists mainly in the form of a bipolar ion. During the neutralization dialysis of solutions of a mixture of mineral salt and amino acid, the flux of the mineral component exceeded the flux of the amino acid through all the studied membranes in the entire concentration range. The use of a MA-41 strongly basic anion-exchange mem-brane together with a MK-40 strongly acidic cation-exchange membrane demonstrated more efficient demin-eralization compared to the use of a MA-40 medium-basic anion-exchange membrane. The degree of release of sodium cations through the MK-40 sulphonic cation-exchange membrane was 70%, and for chloride ions it was 48% and 13% through the MA-41 and MA-40 membranes, respectively.
It was found that the flux of sodium ions through a strongly acidic cation-exchange membrane MK-40 exceeded the corresponding values for chloride ions through anion-exchange membranes with different base strengths, which was due to the difference in the exchange capacity values of membranes and the diffusion coefficients of counterions in them. It was shown that during the neutralization dialysis of equimolar mixtures of phenylalanine and sodium chloride, the maximum efficiency of separation of components was observed in the region of dilute solutions. In the channel with the MA-41 membrane, in comparison with the MA-40 mem-brane, the higher content of the bipolar form of the neutral amino acid in the demineralized solution led to an increase in the separation factor for the MK-40 membrane. As the concentration of the initial solution increased, the separation factor decreased for both the cation-exchange and anion-exchange membranes. The maximum total loss of phenylalanine was observed in dilute mixed solutions and did not exceed 1%.
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