Kinetics and thermodynamics of sorption of heavy metal ions on the clay containing montmorillonite
Abstract
The paper presents the results of study of kinetic and thermodynamic laws of sorption of some
heavy metals on natural clay. As the sorbent we used clay with a content of calcium montmorillonite varieties
(82%), calcite (15%) and quartz (3%), produced in Daghestan Republic. Sorption activity of clay with respect
to Cu2 +, Zn2 +, Cd2 + and Pb2 + were studied in model solutions in static mode with constant shaking. Sorption
capacity was assessed by atomic absorption spectrometry method according to reduction of content of heavy
metal ions in the bulk solution before and after adsorption. It has been found that at an optimum pH of 5.5 ±
0.5 in the temperature range 288-313 К the value sorption of heavy metals reach constant values for 40 - 60
minutes. It is found that the process of sorption of heavy metal ions in the natural clay flows through the ionexchange
mechanism. By means of treatment of sorption kinetic curves Cu2 +, Zn2 +, Cd2 + and Pb2 + to natural
clays coefficients of the outer internal diffusion rate constants, coefficients Bio has been determined. It has
been found that the kinetics of this process is a combination of external and internal diffusion kinetics (with
some predominance of external diffusion kinetics) and it is better described by the reaction model of pseudosecond
order. From sorption isotherms, which are most satisfactorily described by the Langmuir equation, we
have calculated thermodynamic functions (∆H, ∆S и ∆G). Positive values of ∆H and negative values of ∆G,
which decrease with increasing temperature, suggests that the process of sorption of heavy metal ions on the
natural clay is endothermic and more preferable at elevated temperatures. The obtained results may be useful
in development of sorption treatment technology of natural and waste waters from heavy metals using
containing montmorillonite clay.
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