Sorption properties of cerium-containing layered double hydroxides
Abstract
The object of this study was layered double hydroxides (LDH) with a cationic composition M2+3Al1-xCexwhere the doubly charged cation is nickel or cobalt. For comparison, we used samples of a similar cationic composition that does not contain cerium. Synthesis by coprecipitation followed by hydrothermal treatment allowed obtaining single-phase well-crystallized LDH with a hydrotalcite structure, as was evidenced by the data from an X-ray phase analysis.
The main goal of this study was the investigation of the effect of the introduction of a large cerium cation into the structure of brucite-like layers of LDH on the sorption characteristics of these materials. As was shown using low-temperature adsorption-thermal desorption of nitrogen according to BET the method, the cationic composition of LDH had a significant effect on the specific surface area of the synthesized materials. Nickel-containing LDH have a more developed surface than cobalt-containing ones. The nitrogen adsorption-thermal desorption isotherms are of type II according to the classification of BDDT and are characteristic of non-porous or macroporous bodies.
The sorption capacity of LDH in relation to the Congo red anionic dye was determined by the static method. The concentration of dyes in solutions was determined spectrophotometrically. Experimental data of kinetic studies of dye sorption on LDH were analysed using pseudo-first (Laguerin's model) and pseudo-second (Ho and McKay's model) orders. It was found that the sorption of the dye on all synthesized LDH samples was adequately described by the pseudo-second order model.
Experimental data on the equilibrium adsorption of the dye on LDH were analysed using the widely used Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. It was shown that sorption isotherms for all samples can be attributed to type L and in the studied concentration range they are satisfactorily described by the Langmuir model. An inflection was observed on the sorption isotherms, the presence of which may be due to the reorientation of the adsorbed particles relative to the sorbent surface or a change in the sorption mechanism from surface to intercalation mechanism. It was found that the introduction of a large cerium cation into the structure of brucite-like layers of LDH led to a significant increase in the sorption capacity of these materials with respect to the anionic dye, the maximum adsorption value calculated using the Langmuir equation was 1.4 - 2.3 times higher for cerium-containing LDH. The obtained results can be used in the sorption and catalytic studies of LDH.
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