Production and investigation of the structural, surface, and sorption properties of layered double hydroxides of magnesium and aluminium modified with polyethylene glycol
Abstract
Layered double hydroxides, due to their diversity, the possibility of targeted changes in properties and low cost, are highly demanded products and are widely used as carriers for catalysts and drugs, ion exchangers, nanoreactors, adsorbents, etc. In catalytic and adsorption processes, such characteristics of materials as their specific surface area and pore volume play an important role. There are many methods aimed at obtaining substances, including hydroxides, with a developed surface. Such methods, for example, include: synthesis in the presence of various additives (polyglycols, citric acid, etc.), drying of substances synthesized by traditional methods under supercritical conditions, etc.
This study presents the results of investigations of the structural, surface, and sorption properties of layered double hydroxides of magnesium and aluminium (Mg-Al LDH) obtained by the method of solid-phase interaction of crystalline hydrates AlCl3×6H2O, MgCl2×6H2O and ammonium carbonate. The effect of the presence of a high-molecular surfactant, polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) at the synthesis stage and the effect of washing of the synthesized Mg-Al LDH sample with ethanol and acetone on the structural-surface (specific surface area and pore volume, pore diameter distribution, etc.) and sorption properties of the synthesized samples were investigated using XRD, chemical analysis, BET, and BJH methods.
It was found that the use of PEG-400 in the synthesis of Mg-Al LDH led to an increase in their specific surface area and pore volume by 3.5 and 2 times, respectively. Subsequent washing of the synthesized samples with ethanol or acetone led to an additional increase in these parameters by ~3.5 times: from 105 to 370-420 m2/g and from 0.23 to 0.83-0.93 cm3/g.
The results of studies of nitrogen sorption by synthesized Mg-Al LDH samples were processed using the linear form of the BET equation. It has been shown that both the individual use of PEG-400 and the subsequent use of ethanol or acetone during washing allowed significantly (from 0.3 to 1.1 and 3.8-4.2 mmol N2/g, respectively) increasing the capacity of the adsorption monolayer of products and did not have a significant effect on the mechanism of the sorption process, as was evidenced by the insignificant change in the Gibbs energy values during the sorption process.
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References
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