Сhemical composition of surface waters of the tributaries of the Don River within the Voronezh Region

Abstract

In 2012-2016 years the study of the chemical composition of water and its change under the influence of wide range of factors was carrying out at stationary monitoring stations, which are located in the lower reaches of all investigated rivers. Standard methods, which are included in the State register of methods of quantitative chemical analysis of waters, were used.

Dissolved forms and the amount of forms of the metals copper, zinc, manganese and nickel were determined by PND F 14.1:2:4.214-06 " The method of determination of content by weight of iron, cadmium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, chromium and lead in drinking, surface and waste water, by flame atomic absorption spectrometry". The SPEKTR 5-4 device was used. This analysis method is one of the most reliable. Also it has a good reproducibility of the results and capable to find even weak concentrations of substances in surface waters. From 2012 to 2016 the quarterly survey samples were carrying out in seven right-Bank tributaries of the Don. It revealed that the amount of forms of copper more than dissolved forms on the average by 20 percent, and manganese by 25 percent.

These data demonstrate that copper and manganese are good absorbed on suspended substance or pass in colloidal form. These correlation of dissolved forms to the amount of forms holds only for body of water with low anthropogenic impact, fluctuation of suspended solids from 5 mg/dm³ to 7 mg/dm³, and pH from 6.5 to 8.5. In general, the values of heavy metals, which were identified in the research, are conformed to the data of the state monitoring. For more informative data in environmental monitoring the determination of the dissolved form and the amount of forms of the metals copper, zinc, manganese, and nickel should be continued.