Sorption microtubes as samples of the composition of volatile organic compounds using the example of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita R.)
Abstract
At present, the solid-phase extraction method is widely used for the concentration of volatile organic compounds of technogenic and natural origin with a view to their further determination. Methods for the use of SPE for the preparation of vapor-phase sources of gas mixtures (PIGS) are known.
In our work, the properties of various sorbents for the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of vola-tile organic compounds (VOC) of various classes were evaluated. The purpose of this work is to assess the possibility of using sorption tubes as samples of the composition of complex mixtures that allow both qua-litative and quantitative assessment of the objects under study, using the example of VOC chamomile. As a model mixture, a gas extract of chamomile pharmacy containing esters, ketones, aldehydes, unsaturated hy-drocarbons, aromatic compounds was used.
Concentration of VOC was carried out on sorption tubes on the basis of injection needles 0.8×38 mm, filled with sorbents with a particle size of 80/100 mesh. Manufacture of sorption microtubules was car-ried out as follows: the sharpened part of the needle is cut off, and the edges are rolled inwards. Filling was carried out by analogy with a packed column. The fixation of the sorbent from the side of the cut end was carried out according to the principle of a ball-point pen of a suitable size MN-202 granule (size 40/60 mesh), and in the head of the needle - a piece of silanized fiberglass. In the experiment, polymeric sorbents were used: Porapak Q, Tenax TA, Haye Sep N, MN-202 and Carbopak B carbon sorbent. It was found that for VOC chamomile, the volume of the gas extract for concentrating on sorption microtubes filled with Tenax TA should be within 1 cm3, Carbopack B - up to 10 cm3, Porapak Q - up to 5 cm3, MN-202 - up to 8 cm3, Haye Sep N - up to 2 cm3. To determine the shelf life of sorption microtubes with chamomile VOC, the con-tent of β-farnesene and bisabolol oxide A was monitored at 3-month intervals for 1 year. The change in the concentration of β-farnesene and bisabolol oxide A is in the range of 5-10%, which fits into the value of the
standard deviation determination of the concentration of these components at SPME. An estimate of the change in the areas of peaks of volatile components, such as 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal, ethyl-2-methylbutanoate, propyl-2-methylbutanoate, during storage showed a reduction in this characteristic within 15%. Sorption microtubes based on injection needles filled with Tenax TA, Carbopack B, Porapak Q, Haye Sep N sorbents can be used as samples of medium and low volatile organic compounds. Light volatile organ-ic compounds are poorly held by these sorbents. The most universal sorbent for making samples of the com-position of volatile compounds of various classes is MN-202. The approximate shelf life of the samples ob-tained is 1 year.
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