Высотная мезозональность – вариант орографической зональности ландшафтов центра Русской равнины
Ключевые слова:
мезозональность, ландшафт, орография, равнина, мезозоны, возвышенность, низменность
Аннотация
Цель исследования – провести анализ орографической зональности в центре Европейской России как конкретное выражение высотной дифференциации равнинных ландшафтов. Материалы и методы. Исходными материалами послужили данные полевых ландшафтных исследований на юге зоны смешанных лесов и лесостепья в течение 1990-2020 годов. Основной метод исследования – ландшафтно-аналитический. Результаты и обсуждение. На основе регионального полевого материала раскрывается структура высотных мезозон Придеснинья, Окско-Донской равнины, Средне-русской возвышенности. Каждая мезозона соответствует определенному уровню абсолютных высот – низменно-гидрогенная (125-150 м), высоко-гидрогенная (150-180 м), возвышенно-гидрогенная (180-220 м), возвышенно-денудационная (180-220 м), возвышенно-водораздельная (220-250 м) и холмисто-водораздельная (250-и более м). Заключение. Центр Русской равнины – регион, где орографический вариант зональности представлен разнообразным спектром высотно-ландшафтных мезозон. На возвышенных равнинах спектр мезозон полный – низмено-гидрогенная; высоко-гидрогенная; возвышенно-гидрогенная; возвышенно-денудационная; вершинно-водораздельная и холмисто-водораздельная. На низменных равнинах спектр ландшафтно-высотных мезозон усеченный – низмено-гидрогенная; высоко-гидрогенная и возвышенно-гидрогенная. Особо следует отметить, что граница высотных интервалов между ландшафтно-высотными мезозонами не всегда жестко сохраняется. Допускается скользящий вариант границ между мезозонами при переходе с возвышенных равнин к низменным и наоборот.
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Литература
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2. Akhtyrtseva N. I. Tipy mestnosti i urochishcha basseyna reki Podgornoy [Types of terrain and gorges of the Podgornaya River Basin]. Trudy VSU, 1957, v. 54, pp. 41-52. (In Russ.)
3. Belosel'skaya G. A. Vertikal'naya differentsiatsiya landshaftov na nizmennostyakh tsentral'noy lesostepi Russkoy ravniny [Vertical differentiation of landscapes in the lowlands of the central forest-steppe of the Russian Plain]. Nauch. zapiski Voronezh. otdela Geogr. o-va SSSR, 1970, issue 1, pp. 33-44. (In Russ.)
4. Berdnikova Z. P. O yarusnoy strukture sklonovogo tipa mestnosti Srednerusskoy vozvyshennosti [On the layered structure of the slope type of the Central Russian Uplands]. Nauch. zapiski Voronezh. otdela Geogr. o-va SSSR, 1972, pp. 26-36. (In Russ.)
5. Berezhnoy A. V. Sklonovaya mikrozonal'nost' landshaftov Srednerusskoy lesostepi [Slope microzonality of landscapes of the Central Russian forest-steppe]. Voronezh, Voronezh State University Publ. House, 1983. 140 p. (In Russ.)
6. Viktorov A. S. Risunok landshafta [Landscape drawing]. Moscow, Mysl', 1986. 177 p. (In Russ.)
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8. Grigor'ev A. A. [In search of regularities of the morphological structure of the globe]. Problemy fizicheskoy geografii [Problems to physical geography]. Moscow-Leningrad, Publ. house of the AS USSR, 1935, v. 2, pp. 3-41. (In Russ.)
9. Grigor'ev A. A., Budyko M. I. O periodicheskom zakone geograficheskoy zonal'nosti [On the periodic law of geographical zoning]. Doklady ANSSSR, 1956, v. 110, no. 1, pp. 129-132. (In Russ.)
10. Grishankov G. E. Landshaftnye urovni materikov i geograficheskaya zonal'nost' [Landscape levels of continents and geographical zoning]. Izvestiya AN SSSR. Seriya geograficheskaya, 1972, no. 4, pp. 5-17. (In Russ.)
11. Denisik G. I., Kirilyuk L. M. Visotna diferentsіatsіya rіvninnikh landshaftіv Ukraїni [Free differentiation of rural landscapes of Ukraine]. Vinnytsia, Edelweiss i K, 2010, 236 p. (In Ukr.)
12. Dudnik N. I. Vysotnaya poyasnost' landshaftov na Russkoy ravnine i osobenno na Privolzhskoy vozvyshennosti [High-Rise explanation of landscapes in the Russian Plain and especially in the Volga Upland]. Nauch. zapiski Voronezh. otdela Geogr. o-va SSSR, 1965, pp. 18-23. (In Russ.)
13. Eremeeva A. P. Raznomasshtabnost' faktorov differentsiatsii landshaftov Burtinskoy stepi (Orenburzh'e) [Variety of Differentiation Factors of Burt Steppe Landscapes (Orenburg Region)]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Series 5. Geography, 2012, no. 4, pp. 48-53. (In Russ.)
14. Kalesnik S. V. Osnovy obshchego zemlevedeniya [Basics of General Land Studies]. Moscow, Uchpedgiz Publ., 1955. 472 p. (In Russ.)
15. Lisetskiy F. N., Svetlichnyy A. A., Chernyy S. G. Sovremennye problemy eroziovedeniya [Modern problems of erosion studies]. Belgorod, Constanta Publ., 2012. 456 p. (In Russ.)
16. Mil'kov F. N. O dvukh"yarusnoy strukture ravninnykh landshaftov [On the two-storey structure of plain landscapes]. Nauch. dokl. vyssh. shk. Geol.-geogr. nauki, 1958, no. 1, pp. 144-149. (In Russ.)
17. Mil'kov F. N. O yavlenii vertikal'noy differentsiatsii landshaftov na Russkoy ravnine [On the phenomenon of vertical landscape differentiation in the Russian Plain]. Voprosy geografii, 1947, coll. 3, pp. 87-102. (In Russ.)
18. Mil'kov F. N. Sklonovaya mikrozonal'nost' landshaftov [Slope microzonality of landscapes]. Nauchnye zapiski Voronezhskogo otdela Geograficheskogo obshchestva SSSR, 1974, no. 1, pp. 3-9. (In Russ.)
19. Mil'kov F. N. Fizicheskaya geografiya: sovremennoe sostoyanie, zakonomernosti, problemy [Physical geography: current state, regularities, problems]. Voronezh, Voronezh University Publ. House, 1981. 400 p. (In Russ.)
20. Sysuev V. V. Morfologicheskiy analisis geofizicheskoy differentsiatsii landshaftov [Morphological analysis of geophysical differentiation of landscapes]. Izvestiya RAN. Seriya geograficheskaya, 2003, no. 4, pp. 36-50. (In Russ.)
21. Fedotov S.V. Vysotnaya mezozonal'nost' – novaya real'nost' v vertikal'noy differentsiatsii landshaftov ravnin [Altitudinal mesozonation – anew reality in the vertical differentiation of landscapes of plains]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Geografiya geoekologiya, 2014, no. 1, pp. 5-9. (In Russ.)
22. Fedotov S. V. Karstovo-melovye landshafty kak indikatory vysotnoy mezozonal'nosti Pridesnin'ya [Karst-Chalky landscapes as the indicators of a high-rise mesozonality of the Desnin region]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Geografiya geoekologiya, 2002, no. 1, pp. 44-48. (In Russ.)
23. Fedotov S. V. Struktura i dinamika nizmenno-gidrogennoy mezozony na Verkhnem Donu v Lipetskoy oblasti. Desyat' let spustya [Structure and dynamics of the lowpitched hydrogenous mesozone upon the Upper Don in the Lipetsk Region. Ten years later]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Geografiya geoekologiya, 2017, no. 3, pp. 69-71. (In Russ.)
24. Khoroshev A.V. Ierarkhicheskaya organizatsiya mezhkomponentnykh svyazey v lesnykh landshaftakh Vostochno-Evropeyskoy ravniny [Hierarchical organization of inter-component connections in forest landscapes of the East European Plain]. Izvestiya RGO, 2010, v. 142, issue 5, pp. 9-16. (In Russ.)
25. Khoroshev A. V. Rel'ef kak faktor polimasshtabnoy organizatsii mezhkomponentnykh svyazey v landshaftakh Vostochno-Evropeyskoy ravniny [Relief as a factor of polyscale organization of inter-component connections in the landscapes of the East European Plain]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5. Geografiya, 2010, no. 3, pp. 35-42. (In Russ.)
26. Dorner B., Lertzman K., Fall J. Landscape pattern in topographically complex landscaes; issues and techniques for analysis. Landsc. Ecology, 2002, v. 17, pp. 729-743.
27. Myster R. W., Thomlinson J. R., Larsen M. C. Predicting landslide vegetation in patches on landscape gradients in Puerto Rico. Landsc. Ecology, 1997, v. 12, pp. 299-307.
28. Phillips J. D. Global and local factors in earthsurface systems. Ecol. Modelling, 2002, v. 149, pp. 257-272.
2. Akhtyrtseva N. I. Tipy mestnosti i urochishcha basseyna reki Podgornoy [Types of terrain and gorges of the Podgornaya River Basin]. Trudy VSU, 1957, v. 54, pp. 41-52. (In Russ.)
3. Belosel'skaya G. A. Vertikal'naya differentsiatsiya landshaftov na nizmennostyakh tsentral'noy lesostepi Russkoy ravniny [Vertical differentiation of landscapes in the lowlands of the central forest-steppe of the Russian Plain]. Nauch. zapiski Voronezh. otdela Geogr. o-va SSSR, 1970, issue 1, pp. 33-44. (In Russ.)
4. Berdnikova Z. P. O yarusnoy strukture sklonovogo tipa mestnosti Srednerusskoy vozvyshennosti [On the layered structure of the slope type of the Central Russian Uplands]. Nauch. zapiski Voronezh. otdela Geogr. o-va SSSR, 1972, pp. 26-36. (In Russ.)
5. Berezhnoy A. V. Sklonovaya mikrozonal'nost' landshaftov Srednerusskoy lesostepi [Slope microzonality of landscapes of the Central Russian forest-steppe]. Voronezh, Voronezh State University Publ. House, 1983. 140 p. (In Russ.)
6. Viktorov A. S. Risunok landshafta [Landscape drawing]. Moscow, Mysl', 1986. 177 p. (In Russ.)
7. Gerasimov I. P. [The teachings of V.V. Dokuchaev on natural zones]. V. V. Dokuchaev i geografiya [V. V. Dokuchaev and geography], Moscow, 1946, p. 14-24. (In Russ.)
8. Grigor'ev A. A. [In search of regularities of the morphological structure of the globe]. Problemy fizicheskoy geografii [Problems to physical geography]. Moscow-Leningrad, Publ. house of the AS USSR, 1935, v. 2, pp. 3-41. (In Russ.)
9. Grigor'ev A. A., Budyko M. I. O periodicheskom zakone geograficheskoy zonal'nosti [On the periodic law of geographical zoning]. Doklady ANSSSR, 1956, v. 110, no. 1, pp. 129-132. (In Russ.)
10. Grishankov G. E. Landshaftnye urovni materikov i geograficheskaya zonal'nost' [Landscape levels of continents and geographical zoning]. Izvestiya AN SSSR. Seriya geograficheskaya, 1972, no. 4, pp. 5-17. (In Russ.)
11. Denisik G. I., Kirilyuk L. M. Visotna diferentsіatsіya rіvninnikh landshaftіv Ukraїni [Free differentiation of rural landscapes of Ukraine]. Vinnytsia, Edelweiss i K, 2010, 236 p. (In Ukr.)
12. Dudnik N. I. Vysotnaya poyasnost' landshaftov na Russkoy ravnine i osobenno na Privolzhskoy vozvyshennosti [High-Rise explanation of landscapes in the Russian Plain and especially in the Volga Upland]. Nauch. zapiski Voronezh. otdela Geogr. o-va SSSR, 1965, pp. 18-23. (In Russ.)
13. Eremeeva A. P. Raznomasshtabnost' faktorov differentsiatsii landshaftov Burtinskoy stepi (Orenburzh'e) [Variety of Differentiation Factors of Burt Steppe Landscapes (Orenburg Region)]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Series 5. Geography, 2012, no. 4, pp. 48-53. (In Russ.)
14. Kalesnik S. V. Osnovy obshchego zemlevedeniya [Basics of General Land Studies]. Moscow, Uchpedgiz Publ., 1955. 472 p. (In Russ.)
15. Lisetskiy F. N., Svetlichnyy A. A., Chernyy S. G. Sovremennye problemy eroziovedeniya [Modern problems of erosion studies]. Belgorod, Constanta Publ., 2012. 456 p. (In Russ.)
16. Mil'kov F. N. O dvukh"yarusnoy strukture ravninnykh landshaftov [On the two-storey structure of plain landscapes]. Nauch. dokl. vyssh. shk. Geol.-geogr. nauki, 1958, no. 1, pp. 144-149. (In Russ.)
17. Mil'kov F. N. O yavlenii vertikal'noy differentsiatsii landshaftov na Russkoy ravnine [On the phenomenon of vertical landscape differentiation in the Russian Plain]. Voprosy geografii, 1947, coll. 3, pp. 87-102. (In Russ.)
18. Mil'kov F. N. Sklonovaya mikrozonal'nost' landshaftov [Slope microzonality of landscapes]. Nauchnye zapiski Voronezhskogo otdela Geograficheskogo obshchestva SSSR, 1974, no. 1, pp. 3-9. (In Russ.)
19. Mil'kov F. N. Fizicheskaya geografiya: sovremennoe sostoyanie, zakonomernosti, problemy [Physical geography: current state, regularities, problems]. Voronezh, Voronezh University Publ. House, 1981. 400 p. (In Russ.)
20. Sysuev V. V. Morfologicheskiy analisis geofizicheskoy differentsiatsii landshaftov [Morphological analysis of geophysical differentiation of landscapes]. Izvestiya RAN. Seriya geograficheskaya, 2003, no. 4, pp. 36-50. (In Russ.)
21. Fedotov S.V. Vysotnaya mezozonal'nost' – novaya real'nost' v vertikal'noy differentsiatsii landshaftov ravnin [Altitudinal mesozonation – anew reality in the vertical differentiation of landscapes of plains]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Geografiya geoekologiya, 2014, no. 1, pp. 5-9. (In Russ.)
22. Fedotov S. V. Karstovo-melovye landshafty kak indikatory vysotnoy mezozonal'nosti Pridesnin'ya [Karst-Chalky landscapes as the indicators of a high-rise mesozonality of the Desnin region]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Geografiya geoekologiya, 2002, no. 1, pp. 44-48. (In Russ.)
23. Fedotov S. V. Struktura i dinamika nizmenno-gidrogennoy mezozony na Verkhnem Donu v Lipetskoy oblasti. Desyat' let spustya [Structure and dynamics of the lowpitched hydrogenous mesozone upon the Upper Don in the Lipetsk Region. Ten years later]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Geografiya geoekologiya, 2017, no. 3, pp. 69-71. (In Russ.)
24. Khoroshev A.V. Ierarkhicheskaya organizatsiya mezhkomponentnykh svyazey v lesnykh landshaftakh Vostochno-Evropeyskoy ravniny [Hierarchical organization of inter-component connections in forest landscapes of the East European Plain]. Izvestiya RGO, 2010, v. 142, issue 5, pp. 9-16. (In Russ.)
25. Khoroshev A. V. Rel'ef kak faktor polimasshtabnoy organizatsii mezhkomponentnykh svyazey v landshaftakh Vostochno-Evropeyskoy ravniny [Relief as a factor of polyscale organization of inter-component connections in the landscapes of the East European Plain]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5. Geografiya, 2010, no. 3, pp. 35-42. (In Russ.)
26. Dorner B., Lertzman K., Fall J. Landscape pattern in topographically complex landscaes; issues and techniques for analysis. Landsc. Ecology, 2002, v. 17, pp. 729-743.
27. Myster R. W., Thomlinson J. R., Larsen M. C. Predicting landslide vegetation in patches on landscape gradients in Puerto Rico. Landsc. Ecology, 1997, v. 12, pp. 299-307.
28. Phillips J. D. Global and local factors in earthsurface systems. Ecol. Modelling, 2002, v. 149, pp. 257-272.
Опубликован
2020-07-26
Как цитировать
Федотов, С. В. (2020). Высотная мезозональность – вариант орографической зональности ландшафтов центра Русской равнины. Вестник ВГУ. Серия: География. Геоэкология, (3), 3-12. https://doi.org/10.17308/geo.2020.3/3017
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