Features of Changein Area of a Water Mirror and the Number of Lakes in the Steppe Zone of the Eastern Transbaikalia
Abstract
The aim of the study is to analyze the morphometric characteristics of lakes located in the steppe zone of the Eastern Transbaikalia. Methods. The area of the water surface and the number of lakes were determined using multispectral images of the Landsat TM, ETM + and OLI spacecraft from 1989 to 2016 using modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI). The assessment of weather and climatic conditions and the calculation of the parameters of aridity and humidification were carried out according to the observations of nearby meteorological stations of the Trans-Baikal Department for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. Results. Years with maximum and minimum values of the number and total area of lake water surfaces have been identified. Correlation analysis showed that changes in the studied characteristics are closely related to the climatic conditions of the territory. Conclusions. The dynamics of the morphometric characteristics of the lakes in the steppe zone of the Eastern Transbaikalia is due to the influence of climatic factors. The last dry phase of the climate cycle coincided with an increase in temperatures during the warm period, which led to increased evaporation and a significant reduction in the number and total area of the water surface of lakes. For closed lakes, the size of the current year is a consequence of the nature of the water content of a number of previous years. A decrease in size can also take place in a high-water year, if this was preceded by a number of low-water years, and an increase in a low-water year, if this low-water year is observed within a high-water period.
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References
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