Environmental Problems Caused by Motor Vehicles in and Around the City of Sumgait

Abstract

The purpose is to study the impact of motor vehicles passing through the city on human health and the environment and to develop an action plan to prevent negative processes in the city of Sumgait. Materials and methods. The negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment was studied using GIS technologies, historical and geographical, mathematical-statistical, comparative, observation, systematic analysis and other methods. Results and discussion. The article calculates the length of existing roads in Sumgait, the number of motor vehicles (cars, trucks and buses) passing through the city during the year, the amount of waste each of them emits to the surrounding areas, especially to the atmosphere. In addition, their impact on soil and vegetation, as well as on human health, has been studied. The results were analysed and compared with the established sanitary standards for their exceedance. Statistical characteristics of the level of pollution have been calculated. The analysis of the data obtained from the measurements led to conclusions about the insufficient effectiveness of structures that reduce the level of pollution only at distances of 100 and 150 m from the sources. Conclusion. In the considered areas, it is necessary to take measures to protect the population from road traffic pollution. In these measures, special attention was paid to creating favourable conditions for people to live in a cleaner environment.