Использование сточных вод – экологическая безопасность Крыма
Ключевые слова:
очищенные сточные воды, качество воды, орошение, загрязнение, экологическая безопасность
Аннотация
Цель – оценить объемы и качество очистки сточных вод с точки зрения целесообразности их использования для полива сельскохозяйственных культур. Методы исследования. При выполнении исследований использовались общегеографические и общепринятые математические и статистические методы. Обсуждение результатов. Исходя из анализа количественной составляющей формирующихся на территории Республики категории вод, наиболее перспективными источниками являются канализационные очистные сооружения (КОС) городов Симферополь, Ялта, Евпатория, Алушта, Феодосия, Керчь, Джанкой. На перспективу целесообразно рассмотреть возможность использования в качестве альтернативного источника поливной воды КОС Бахчисарая, Новоозерное («Донузлав»), Белогорска, объем формирующихся стоков которых составляет 0,5–1 млн м3/год. Наилучшее по солевому составу качество имеют очищенные стоки городов Симферополь, Алушта, Судак, Белогорск (вода пригодна для целей орошения), наихудшее Евпатория, Керчь, Новоозерное («Донузлав»). Заключение. Накапливать сточные воды следует в осенне-зимний период, по возможности используя для этого существующие пустые водоаккумулирующие сооружения, а затем использовать их в поливной сезон.
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Литература
1. Borovoj E. P., Hodyakov E. A., Kremenskoj V. I., Dzhaparova A. M. Perspektiva vyrashchivaniya svekly pri polive ochishchennoj stochnoj vodoj v Krymu [Perspective of the growing of the beet under irrigation by purified wastewater in Crimea]. Izvestiya Nizhnevolzhskogo agrouniversitetskogo kompleksa: Nauka i vysshee professional'noe obrazovanie, 2018, no. 3 (51), рр. 145-152. (In Russ.)
2. Volkova N. E., Zaharov R. Yu. Ispol'zovanie ochishchennyh stochnyh vod v Krymu: opyt proshlogo, realii nastoyashchego [Treated sewage waters usage in Crimea: experience of the past, reality of the present]. Nauchnyj zhurnal Rossijskogo NII problem melioracii, 2017, no. 3 (27), рр. 144-159. (In Russ.)
3. Gerasimov A. S., Melnikov A. A. Normative content of oil products and phenols in wastewaters of the Northern railway treatment facilities // Vestnik Voronezskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seria: Geografia. Geoekologia, 2019, no. 2, pp. 73-76. (In Russ.) DOI
4. Goryachkin Yu. N., Dolotov V. V. Morskie berega Kryma [Sea coast of Crimea]. Sevastopol': OOO «KOLORIT», 2019. 256 р. (In Russ.)
5. Zaharov R. Yu., Volkova N. E. Dinamika kachestvennyh pokazatelej ochishchennyh stochnyh vod v krymskom regione [Dynamics of quality indicators of the purified sewage in the Crimean region]. Stroitel'stvo i tekhnogennaya bezopasnost', 2017, no. 7 (59), рр. 141-145. (In Russ.)
6. Ivanyutin N. M., Podovalova S. V. Zagryaznenie vodnyh ob"ektov Kryma stochnymi vodami [The pollution of water bodies in the Crimea by wastewater]. Ekologiya i stroitel'stvo, 2018, no. 1, рр. 4-8. (In Russ.) DOI
7. Ivanyutin N. M., Podovalova S. V. Ocenka mineral'nogo sostava i toksichnosti ochishchennyh stochnyh vod Kryma kak al'ternativnogo istochnika vody dlya orosheniya [Evaluation of mineral composition and toxicity of treated wastewater in the Crimea as alternative water source for irrigation]. Tavricheskij vestnik agrarnoj nauki, 2018, no. 1 (13), рр. 53-64. (In Russ.) DOI
8. Imangazinova Zh. S., Mukasheva D. M., Dzhetimov M. A. Ispol'zovanie stochnyh vod v proizvodstve kormovyh kul'tur [The use of wastewater іn the productіon of fodder crops]. Estestvennye i matematicheskie nauki v sovremennom mire, 2015, no. 36-37, рр. 207-217.
9. Kopytovskij V. V. Vliyanie dlitel'nogo orosheniya zhivotnovodcheskimi stokami na svojstva pochvy [Influence of the long irrigation by livestock drains on properties of the soil]. Melioraciya, 2014, no. 1 (71), рр. 45-52. (In Russ.)
10. Lyashevskij V. I., Verdysh M. V., Kremenskoj V. I. Izuchenie vozmozhnostej ispol'zovaniya ochishchennyh stochnyh vod dlya orosheniya v Krymu [Studying of opportunites of the treated wastewater using for irrigation in Crimea]. Tavricheskij vestnik agrarnoj nauki, 2016, no. 4 (8), рр. 121-129. (In Russ.)
11. Makarychev S. V., Aleshina N. I. Ekologicheskie osobennosti orosheniya mnogoletnih trav gorodskimi stochnymi vodami [Environmental aspects of irrigating perennial grasses with urban sewage water]. Vestnik Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta, 2015, no. 9 (131), рр. 53-57. (In Russ.)
12. Nikol'skaya A. N., Markin Al. I. Jekologicheskaja ocenka vlijanija predprijatija pishhevoj otrasli promyshlennosti na himicheskoe zagrjaznenie okruzhajushhej sredy [Ecological estimation of the effect of food industry enterprises on chemical pollution of the environment]. Vestnik Voronezskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seria: Geografia. Geoekologia, 2016, no. 1, pp. 60-62. (In Russ.)
13. Semenenko A. S. Vliyanie orosheniya zhivotnovodcheskimi stokami na podzemnye vody [Impact of livestock runoff irrigation on groundwater]. Materialy nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Nauchnoe obosnovanie nacional'nogo proekta «Razvitie APK», 2008, рр. 65-67. (In Russ.)
14. Shumakov B. B. Melioraciya i vodnoe hozyajstvo. T. 6. Oroshenie: spravochnik. [Land reclamation and water management. Vol. 6. Irrigation: handbook]. M.: Agropromizdat, 1990. 415 p. (In Russ.)
15. Abd-Elwahed M. S. Effect of long-term wastewater irrigation on the quality of alluvial soil for agricultural sustainability. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 64, Issue 2, December 2019, pp. 151-160. DOI
16. Bemmoussat A., Adjim M., Bensaoula F. Irrigation with treated wastewaters and the protection of Hennaya groundwater-Tlemcen, Algeria. Journal of Water and Land Development, Volume 43, Issue 1, 1 December 2019, pp. 19-27. DOI
17. Faouzi E., Arioua A., Karaoui I., Ait Ouhamchich K., Elhamdouni D. Wastewater reuse in agriculture sector: Resources management and adaptation in the context of climate change: Case study of the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region, Morocco. E3S Web of Conferences, 2020, Volume 183, No 020052020. DOI
18. Helmecke M., Fries E., Schulte C. Regulating water reuse for agricultural irrigation: risks related to organic micro-contaminants. Environmental Sciences Europe, Volume 32, Issue 1, 1 December 2020, No 4. DOI
19. Khan Z. I., Malik I. S., Ma J., Chen F., Yang Y., Ahmad K., Wajid K., Bashir H., Nadeem M., Ashfaq A., Munir M., Ugulu I., Dogan Y. Assessment of cadmium in maize and millet of different district using canal and wastewater irrigation. Revista de Chimie, 2020, Volume 71, Issue 7, рр. 406-418. DOI
20. Mahfooz Y., Yasar A., Guijian L., Islam Q. U., Akhtar A. B. T., Rasheed, R., Irshad S., Naeem U. Critical risk analysis of metals toxicity in wastewater irrigated soil and crops: a study of a semi-arid developing region. Scientific Reports, Volume 10, Issue 1, 1 December 2020, No 12845. DOI
21. Perez-Mercado L. F., Lalander C., Joel A., Ottoson J., Iriarte M., Oporto C., Vinneräs B. Pathogens in crop production systems irrigated with low-quality water in Bolivia. Journal of Water and Health, Volume 16, Issue 6, December 2018, рр. 980-990. DOI
22. Tsigoida A., Argyrokastritis I. The effect of sub-irrigation with untreated and treated municipal wastewater on organic matter and nitrogen content in two different soils. Global Nest Journal, Volume 21, Issue 3, December 2019, рр. 389-398. DOI
2. Volkova N. E., Zaharov R. Yu. Ispol'zovanie ochishchennyh stochnyh vod v Krymu: opyt proshlogo, realii nastoyashchego [Treated sewage waters usage in Crimea: experience of the past, reality of the present]. Nauchnyj zhurnal Rossijskogo NII problem melioracii, 2017, no. 3 (27), рр. 144-159. (In Russ.)
3. Gerasimov A. S., Melnikov A. A. Normative content of oil products and phenols in wastewaters of the Northern railway treatment facilities // Vestnik Voronezskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seria: Geografia. Geoekologia, 2019, no. 2, pp. 73-76. (In Russ.) DOI
4. Goryachkin Yu. N., Dolotov V. V. Morskie berega Kryma [Sea coast of Crimea]. Sevastopol': OOO «KOLORIT», 2019. 256 р. (In Russ.)
5. Zaharov R. Yu., Volkova N. E. Dinamika kachestvennyh pokazatelej ochishchennyh stochnyh vod v krymskom regione [Dynamics of quality indicators of the purified sewage in the Crimean region]. Stroitel'stvo i tekhnogennaya bezopasnost', 2017, no. 7 (59), рр. 141-145. (In Russ.)
6. Ivanyutin N. M., Podovalova S. V. Zagryaznenie vodnyh ob"ektov Kryma stochnymi vodami [The pollution of water bodies in the Crimea by wastewater]. Ekologiya i stroitel'stvo, 2018, no. 1, рр. 4-8. (In Russ.) DOI
7. Ivanyutin N. M., Podovalova S. V. Ocenka mineral'nogo sostava i toksichnosti ochishchennyh stochnyh vod Kryma kak al'ternativnogo istochnika vody dlya orosheniya [Evaluation of mineral composition and toxicity of treated wastewater in the Crimea as alternative water source for irrigation]. Tavricheskij vestnik agrarnoj nauki, 2018, no. 1 (13), рр. 53-64. (In Russ.) DOI
8. Imangazinova Zh. S., Mukasheva D. M., Dzhetimov M. A. Ispol'zovanie stochnyh vod v proizvodstve kormovyh kul'tur [The use of wastewater іn the productіon of fodder crops]. Estestvennye i matematicheskie nauki v sovremennom mire, 2015, no. 36-37, рр. 207-217.
9. Kopytovskij V. V. Vliyanie dlitel'nogo orosheniya zhivotnovodcheskimi stokami na svojstva pochvy [Influence of the long irrigation by livestock drains on properties of the soil]. Melioraciya, 2014, no. 1 (71), рр. 45-52. (In Russ.)
10. Lyashevskij V. I., Verdysh M. V., Kremenskoj V. I. Izuchenie vozmozhnostej ispol'zovaniya ochishchennyh stochnyh vod dlya orosheniya v Krymu [Studying of opportunites of the treated wastewater using for irrigation in Crimea]. Tavricheskij vestnik agrarnoj nauki, 2016, no. 4 (8), рр. 121-129. (In Russ.)
11. Makarychev S. V., Aleshina N. I. Ekologicheskie osobennosti orosheniya mnogoletnih trav gorodskimi stochnymi vodami [Environmental aspects of irrigating perennial grasses with urban sewage water]. Vestnik Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta, 2015, no. 9 (131), рр. 53-57. (In Russ.)
12. Nikol'skaya A. N., Markin Al. I. Jekologicheskaja ocenka vlijanija predprijatija pishhevoj otrasli promyshlennosti na himicheskoe zagrjaznenie okruzhajushhej sredy [Ecological estimation of the effect of food industry enterprises on chemical pollution of the environment]. Vestnik Voronezskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seria: Geografia. Geoekologia, 2016, no. 1, pp. 60-62. (In Russ.)
13. Semenenko A. S. Vliyanie orosheniya zhivotnovodcheskimi stokami na podzemnye vody [Impact of livestock runoff irrigation on groundwater]. Materialy nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Nauchnoe obosnovanie nacional'nogo proekta «Razvitie APK», 2008, рр. 65-67. (In Russ.)
14. Shumakov B. B. Melioraciya i vodnoe hozyajstvo. T. 6. Oroshenie: spravochnik. [Land reclamation and water management. Vol. 6. Irrigation: handbook]. M.: Agropromizdat, 1990. 415 p. (In Russ.)
15. Abd-Elwahed M. S. Effect of long-term wastewater irrigation on the quality of alluvial soil for agricultural sustainability. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 64, Issue 2, December 2019, pp. 151-160. DOI
16. Bemmoussat A., Adjim M., Bensaoula F. Irrigation with treated wastewaters and the protection of Hennaya groundwater-Tlemcen, Algeria. Journal of Water and Land Development, Volume 43, Issue 1, 1 December 2019, pp. 19-27. DOI
17. Faouzi E., Arioua A., Karaoui I., Ait Ouhamchich K., Elhamdouni D. Wastewater reuse in agriculture sector: Resources management and adaptation in the context of climate change: Case study of the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region, Morocco. E3S Web of Conferences, 2020, Volume 183, No 020052020. DOI
18. Helmecke M., Fries E., Schulte C. Regulating water reuse for agricultural irrigation: risks related to organic micro-contaminants. Environmental Sciences Europe, Volume 32, Issue 1, 1 December 2020, No 4. DOI
19. Khan Z. I., Malik I. S., Ma J., Chen F., Yang Y., Ahmad K., Wajid K., Bashir H., Nadeem M., Ashfaq A., Munir M., Ugulu I., Dogan Y. Assessment of cadmium in maize and millet of different district using canal and wastewater irrigation. Revista de Chimie, 2020, Volume 71, Issue 7, рр. 406-418. DOI
20. Mahfooz Y., Yasar A., Guijian L., Islam Q. U., Akhtar A. B. T., Rasheed, R., Irshad S., Naeem U. Critical risk analysis of metals toxicity in wastewater irrigated soil and crops: a study of a semi-arid developing region. Scientific Reports, Volume 10, Issue 1, 1 December 2020, No 12845. DOI
21. Perez-Mercado L. F., Lalander C., Joel A., Ottoson J., Iriarte M., Oporto C., Vinneräs B. Pathogens in crop production systems irrigated with low-quality water in Bolivia. Journal of Water and Health, Volume 16, Issue 6, December 2018, рр. 980-990. DOI
22. Tsigoida A., Argyrokastritis I. The effect of sub-irrigation with untreated and treated municipal wastewater on organic matter and nitrogen content in two different soils. Global Nest Journal, Volume 21, Issue 3, December 2019, рр. 389-398. DOI
Опубликован
2021-12-09
Как цитировать
Иванютин, Н. М., & Волкова, Н. Е. (2021). Использование сточных вод – экологическая безопасность Крыма. Вестник ВГУ. Серия: География. Геоэкология, (4), 69-76. https://doi.org/10.17308/geo.2021.4/3752
Выпуск
Раздел
Геоэкология
