DROPLET REACTOR IN NANOTECHNOLOGY

Abstract

Recently, a drop is considered as a nanoreactor. The term "nanoreactor" is often understood as a reactor for chemical reactions in a small (limited) volume, the parameters of which do not exceed 100 nm in one of the measurements. However, when the droplet dries, the process of particle interaction is more complicated in comparison with a static volume. A drying droplet of colloidal suspensions is a dynamic system with constantly changing parameters: concentration, radius of curvature, surface tension. The pressure increases, which leads to the appearance of powerful turbulent flows inside the droplet, capable of bringing particles closer to the smallest distances. In this case, the parameters of interacting particles are important: proportionality, hydration, charge, presence of functional properties. Thus, in the droplet, a transition to a highly concentrated system takes place, where the factors regulating the energy parameters of mechanical influences play a decisive role in controlling properties. In other words, the level of energy density necessary to achieve and subsequently maintain a certain degree of structural failure.

Thermal autowave spatiotemporal (dissipative) structures are formed in drying droplet. This phenomenon can be regarded as fundamental. Dissipative structures are a thermodynamic characteristic of the process of self-organization and can be used to diagnose nanosystems in the production of functional materials for various purposes. At the same time, for each system the autowave process has its own set of characteristic parameters (amplitude, oscillation frequency, process duration, number of vibration modes, two-dimensional pattern) that are an indicator of the process of self-organization.