Коррекция структурной формулы каолинита Оренбургской области спектроскопическими методами
Аннотация
Аттестация каолинита необходима при использовании его в качестве сырья для керамической промышленности. Месторождение каолинитовых глин, обнаруженное в Оренбургской области в 2018 году, предположительно, самое крупное в стране. В пределах Коскольской площади описано 5 залежей полезного ископаемого. Три из них – особо перспективные месторождения высокого качества. Ранее были проведены исследования технологических и физических характеристик глины данного месторождения. Настоящая работа посвящена построению и коррекции структурной формулы каолинита Оренбургской области.
Природную глину после отмучивания и измельчения в шаровой мельнице просеивали через сито с ячейками размерами 40 мкм для получения представительных проб. В качестве инструментов получения новой информации применяли методы оптической микроскопии, дифференциально-термического анализа, РФА, ИК-, КР- и ЭПР‑спектроскопии. В результате проведенных исследований был прослежен процесс метакаолинизации в результате дегидратации каолинита. Спектроскопические методы позволили проанализировать параметры тонкой структуры, в частности, степень кристалличности каолинитовых частиц, вхождения ионов железа и магния в гидроксильные слои. С помощью комплекса экспериментальных исследований скорректирована структурная формула каолинита Коскольского месторождения Оренбургской области:
K,Na,Ca,Ba Al Fe ,Fe Mg Mn,Cr 0.16 3.62+ 2+0.11 0.27 0.01 Si Ti O OH 3.86 0.14 10 8.
В квадратных скобках указаны катионные составы гидроксильного (октаэдрического) и силоксанового (тетраэдрического) слоев, сформировавших поверхностный заряд частиц минералов. Отдельно вынесены ионы-компенсаторы. Тем самым аттестовано вещество, используемое в качестве сырья для керамической промышленности, установлена полезность отмучивания и механического обогащения каолинитовой глины.
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